Individual Orthos 2 Flashcards
Belt test
SI joint
Standing, patient touches toes, then dr holds ASISs and braces buttocks w/hip, patient touches toes
Increased pain on the second part indicates a lumbar problem, no increase of pain on the second part indicates an SI problem
Erichsens, gaenslens
Anterior innominate
SI joint
Unaffected foot 2-3’ in front of other, bend forward till rear heel raises off ground
Unilateral forward displacement of ilium, sacrum or SI joint sprain
Belt, erichsens
“Mazions pelvic maneuver”
Erichsens
SI joint
Prone, compress both SI joints to make double IN ilium
Pain at the SI joint indicates is joint problem
Gaenslens, goldthwaits
Gaenslens
SI joint
Prone, dr on affected side, unaffected knee to chest
SI joint sprain, radiating pain to thigh or groin
Goldthwaits, hibbs
Goldthwaits
SI Joint
Supine, palpate L5-S1 raise affected leg and note when pain is felt.
Pain before separation=SI, after=lumbar problem (differential for diffuse pain)
Hibbs, iliac compression test
“Smith-Peterson”
Hibbs
Femoral head, acetabulum
Prone, knee at 90, internally rotate
Pain in the hip (acetabular or femoral head)
Iliac compression, lewin gaenslens
Iliac compression
SI joint
Sideline, compress hip downward (double EX)
Pain in SI joint (sublux, sprain, inflammation)
Lewin gaenslens, yeomans
Lewin gaenslens
SI joint Sideline, patient brings unaffected knee to chest, dr distracts affected leg posterior SI pain (sprain, arthritis) Yeomans, anterior innominate
Yeomans
SI joint
Prone, dr extends affected leg, supports sacrum
SI pain, muscle tightness (ant. SI lesion, femoral nerve irritation, iliopsoas/rectus femoris contracture)
Anterior innominate, belt
Actual leg length
Anitomical short leg
Supine, measure ASIS to medial malleolus, compare bilaterally
Difference of more than 6mm
Allis, apparent leg length
Apparent leg length
Pelvis, L3-5
Measure from umbilicus to medial malleolus bilaterally
Pelvic subluxation - difference of more than 6mm
Allis, actual leg length
Allis sign
Femur, acetabulum
Supine, both knees bent equally -observe from side and end
One knee more anterior (protrusion acetabuli, hip dislocation, hip fracture)
Actual leg length, apparent leg length
“Saleazzis sign”
Anvil test
Hip, heel
Supine, dr raises leg and hits bottom of foot
Hip pain- arthritis, femoral neck fracture, infection; heel pain- fracture of calcaneus, tibia, fibula
Gauvains, hip telescoping
Gauvains
Hip
Sideline, affected side up, leg abducted, rotate femur in socket (pre adolescent feel for abdominal guarding)
Hip pain- AVN, infection, fracture, gout (possible reffered pain to groin/ant. thigh)
Hip telescoping, Patricks
Hip telescoping
Hip
Supine, hip and knee to 90, grasp calf, move ant/post
Excessive joint play, clicking- dislocation, dysplasia
Patricks, obers
Patricks
Hip
Supine, affected legs foot above other knee, press down on affected knee and contralateral ASIS
Patient unable to perform/Pain at hip- DJD, OA, RA, SCFE, AVN, Fracture, strain/sprain
Obers, Thomas
Obers
TFL
Affected side up, leg up, knee 90, allow knee to drop
Thigh remains abducted or drop w/spastic jerks- pain
Thomas, trendellenburg
Thomas
Iliopsoas
Supine, patient actively pulls unaffected knee to chest.
Flexion contracture of affected leg or increased lumbar lordosis - shortening of iliopsoas
Trendellenburgs, anvil test
Tendelenburgs
Gluteus medius
Standing, patient raises affected leg
Pelvic unleveling- low iliac crest on affected side
Anvil, gauvains
Abduction (valgus) stress test
MCL
Supine, dr support leg with thighs, push knee medial, feel knee joint space
Pain/increased range of motion- MCL sprain or rupture
Adduction (varus) stress test, apleys compression
ADDUCTION (varus) stress test
LCL
supine, dr supports leg with thigh, push knee out, feel knee joint
Pain/increased range of motion- LCL strain or rupture
Apleys, patella ballottement
Apleys
Meniscus med/lat
Prone, bend affected knee to 90 while toe in/out, joint under axial pressure
Pain/cepetus- int rotation= lat meniscus, ext rotation= med meniscus (where heel points)
Patella ballottement, bounce home
Patella ballottement
Knee (intra articular)
Supine, press patella to sides, look for motion
Spongy feel, increased movement, slow to return to resting position, sideways play- retro patellar effusion or intraarticular swelling
Bounce home, clarkes
Bounce home
Meniscus
Supine, leg 20deg, drop knee to full extension
Pain, inability to fully extend knee- meniscal tear
Clarkes, mcmurray
