individual differences: personality

Question 1

how do we e evaluate the different personality paradigms?

Answer 1

their influence and importance in the field
their testability
their ability to account for psychological phenomena
their parsimoniousness …how simple they are
their usefulness to applied fields

Question 2

what do we mean by personality

Answer 2

• characteristic set of behaviours, attitudes, interests and capabilities
• relatively stable
• useful to predict future behaviour •characteristics have a coherence •distinguishes between people

Question 3

personality definition

Answer 3

a consistant number of thoughts feeling and characteristics that people demonstrate

Question 4

histor and persoality types: Hipocrites

Answer 4

Hippocrates - BODY FLUIDS 4 types of temperament Melancholic (gloomy)
Choleric (angry and violent) Phlegmatic (calm and passive) Sanguine (cheerful and active)
Sheldon - SOMATOTYPES endomorphic (fat, soft, round) ectomorphic (long, thin, delicate) mesomorphic (muscular, strong)

Question 5

melanchollic person

Answer 5

thoughtful gloomy perfectionist

chollic: firy temperament

Question 6

Freud

Answer 6

tackled people with anciety etc

developed psychoanalasys: talking with patients about their lives. Most interested in unconscious mind

Question 7

Psychodynamic theory

Answer 7

• emphasis on dynamic, biological processes especially those
mostly about what is taking place in the unconscious mind
main theorist Freud
thought individual differences satisfied our biological urges

Question 8

Freud 3 componantsof mind

Answer 8

id
ego
superego

Question 9

Freud slip

Answer 9

accidentally revealling unconscious thoughts and desires

thought behaviour would be ecplained by these unconscious properties

Question 10

to dimensions in which cultures differ that can influence personality development?

Answer 10

complexity

tightness

Question 11

projective tests are

Answer 11

tests that present subjects with ambigious stimuli and ask for some interpretation of them

Question 12

neoanalytic theorists

Answer 12

Erikson
Adler
Jung

Question 13

Jung

Answer 13

humans pesos a collective unconscious and their memories are represented by archetypes

Question 14

Erikson

Answer 14

personality development continues throughout the lifespan not just wen people are children

Question 15

Adler

Answer 15

humans are inherently social beings motivated by social interest

Question 16

three adult attachment styles?

Answer 16

secure
ancious-avoidant
anxcious-ambivalent

Question 17

defence mechanisms: projection

Answer 17

manifestations of our own urges that we project onto other people

Question 18

characteristics of people that help establish their individual identities

Answer 18

emotional
cognitive
behavioural

Question 19

Triandis and Suh (2002) found that?

Answer 19

only 40% of people within a given vulture strongly embrace the collectivistic or individualistic goals of they culture

This adds complexity to making cross cultural comparsons of personality