Individual Differences

Question 1

Fromm Reichmann

Answer 1

proposed that scz was caused by a scz mother (mother who causes scz)
- Description of a schizophrenogenic mother: cold, dominant and created conflicted, rejecting, overprotective, self-sacrificing, moralistic about sex, fearful of intimacy

Question 2

Lidz

Answer 2

proposed the concept of Marital schism: Traits of the relationship between parents of a schizophrenic

• Refers to the open hostility and criticism that occurs when parents are unable to adopt reciprocity
• Ability to understand each others goals, roles and motivations

Question 3

Lidz

Answer 3

proposed the concept of Marital Skew: traits of the relationship between parents of a schizophrenic

• Refers to the tendency of one parent to dominate interaction
• Usually an intrusive and domineering mother and a distance, passive father

Question 4

Bateson

Answer 4

put forward this theory according to the way families communicate

Question 5

Friths Faulty Attention System (1979)

Answer 5

• argues that preconscious thoughts contains huge quantities of info from our senses that would usually be filtered
• they don’t have a grip of their own mind so they misunderstand their own thoughts
• Schizophrenia may be the result of a breakdown of this filtering process (overload)
• Low theory of mind (ToM)
• Irrelevant/important thoughts become more significant
• Which accounts for positive symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions and disorganised speech

Question 6

Berridge and Robinson (1998)

Answer 6

• Developed the incentive/motivational salience hypothesis to explain the link between biological and cognitive approach
• Abnormal psychology and mind processes
• Suggesting role of dopamine is in converting neural representations that cause aversive stimulus

Question 7

Becks Cognitive Triad

Answer 7

Beck’s cognitive triad was developed to explain depression

It provides a good explanation for positive symptoms of scz

Question 8

Kennedy

Answer 8

also analysed the letters between schizophrenic’s and their parents with a control group and results show that evidence for double bind scenario’s

Question 9

Berger

Answer 9

interviewed schenic’s and found higher recall of statements by their mothers than non-schz controls which does provide support that there are differences in communication between scz and their family members and non-sczenics.