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68W Pharmacology > Indications & Contraindications > Flashcards

Indications & Contraindications Flashcards

1
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

A

Indications: Symptomatic relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release, including nasal allergies and allergic dermatoses. Prevention or treatment of motion sickness. Antitussive.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity. Use with caution in patients with asthma, glaucoma, or cardiovascular disease (including hypertension and ischemic heart disease)

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2
Q

Epinephrine

A

Indications: Anaphylaxis and other severe, immediate hypersensitivity reactions; Severe bronchospasm, asthma, or bronchiolitis

Contraindications: Non-anaphylactic shock (particularly hypovolemic shock), coronary insufficiency, hypothermia, pulmonary edema, HTN

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3
Q

Prednisone

A

Indications: Allergic conditions, asthma, inflammation

Contraindications: Systemic fungal infections. Peptic ulcer. Hypersensitivity.

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4
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Indications: Relief from minor aches, pains, and headache. Fever.

Contraindications: Severe liver disease. Hypersensitivity.

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5
Q

Benzocaine (Cepacol)

A

Indications: Sore throat, irritated mouth, teeth or gums

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

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6
Q

Diazepam

A

Indications: Nerve agent poisoning. Anxiety (eg. pre-procedural)

Contraindications: Acute narrow-angle glaucoma or untreated open-angle glaucoma. Hypersensitivity

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7
Q

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril, Amrix, Fexmid)

A

Indications: Relief of muscle spasm

Contraindications: Hyperthyroidism. Heart failure. Dysrhythmias. Acute recovery phase of an MI. MAOI use within the last 2 weeks. Hypersensitivity.

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8
Q

Fetanyl (OTFC lollipop)

A

Indications: Acute pain management

Contraindications: Known intolerance. (Use with caution in TBI, respiratory depression)

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9
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

A

Indications: Management of mild to moderate pain, fever, migraine, or dysmenorrhea

Contraindications: Aspirin triad (eg bronchial asthma, aspirin intolerance, rhinitis), hypersensitivity

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10
Q

Ketamine

A

Indications: Analgesia

Contraindications: Conditions in which an increase in blood pressure would be hazardous. Pregnancy. If the patient is not adequately ventilated, ICP is a relative contraindication. Hypersensitivity.

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11
Q

Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Xylocaine)

A

Indications: Local anesthesia, as well as management of pain associated with an intraosseous infusion.

Contraindications: WPW; Stokes-Adams syndrome; Second degree and third degree blocks in the absence of an artificial pacemaker; Hypersensitivity.

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12
Q

Meloxicam (Mobic)

A

Indications: Acute pain

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to meloxicam or other NSAIDs

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13
Q

Morphine Sulfate (Duramorph, MS Contin)

A

Indications: Analgesia for moderate to severe acute pain

Contraindications: Significant respiratory depression; Acute or severe chronic obstructive airway; Concurrent or recent use of MAOIs; GI obstruction; Undiagnosed abdominal pain. (In Canada: Hypotension; Head injury; Hypercarbia; Cor pulmonale; Increased ICP; Pregnancy; Suspected surgical abdomen

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14
Q

Naproxen (Aleve)

A

Indications: Management of mild to moderate pain, fever, migraine or dysmenorrhea

Contraindications: Active or h/o PUD. Recent or h/o GI bleed. Cerebrovascular bleeding. Patients with advanced kidney impairment or at risk for renal failure due to volume depletion. Severe liver impairment. Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs

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15
Q

Ketorolac (Toradol)

A

Indications: Acute pain management

Contraindications: Active or h/o PUD. Recent or h/o GI bleed. Patients with advanced kidney impairment or at risk for renal failure due to volume depletion. Hypersensitivity to any NSAIDs.

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16
Q

Aspirin (Ascriptin, Asper-low, Bayer, etc…)

A

Indications: Chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndromes (STEMI, NSTEMI, MI, unstable angina, management of stable ischemic heart disease)

Contraindications: Asthma, rhinitis, or nasal polyps; Signs and symptoms suggestive of recent CVA. Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. Note: NOT FOR MASSIVE HEMORRHAGE/BATTLEFIELD SETTING

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17
Q

Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual, NitroQuick, Nitro-Dur)

A

Indications: Ischemic chest pain; Acute angina pectoris

Contraindications: Acute circulatory failure or shock (hypotension, hypovolemia). Increased intracranial pressure, intracranial bleeding, or head injury. Concurrent use with PDE-5 inhibitors. Hypersensitivity.

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18
Q

Loperamide (Imodium, Diamode)

A

Indications: Diarrhea

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

19
Q

Ondansetron (Zofran)

A

Indications: Acute nausea and/or vomiting

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

20
Q

Azithromycin (Zithromax, Z-Pak, Tri-Pak)

A

Indications: Community-acquired pneumonia. STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, chancroid, syphilis) Pharyngitis/tonsillitis due to streptococcus pyogenes Off-label uses include infectious diarrhea

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, or other macrolide abx

21
Q

Bacitracin

A

Indications: Prevention of infection in minor cuts, scrapes, or burns

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

22
Q

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

A

Indications: STIs

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

23
Q

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

A

Indications: UTI, infectious diarrhea, nosocomial pneumonia

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to quinolones

24
Q

Doxycycline

A

Indications: Malaria prophylaxis, STIs, other infectious processes

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to doxycycline or other tetracyclines.

25
Q

Ertapenem (Invanz)

A

Indications: Prophylaxis in the event of penetrating trauma

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to carbapenems, beta-lactams, or amide local anesthetics (due to the use of lidocaine as a diluent when administering IM)

26
Q

Erythromycin (Ery, Erygel)

A

Indications: Acne vulgaris. Off-label uses include bacterial eye infections

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

27
Q

Cephalexin (Keflex)

A

Indications: Skin and soft tissue infection (eg cellulitis, impetigo). Streptococcal pharyngitis. UTI.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

28
Q

Moxifloxacin

A

Indications: Prophylaxis in the event of penetrating trauma

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to quinolones

29
Q

Penicillin V

A

Indications: Streptococcus pharyngitis. Prophylaxis or treatment of high-risk bite wounds.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

30
Q

Sulfadiazine Silver 1% (Silvadene)

A

Indications: Prevention and treatment of wound sepsis in patients with second- and third-degree burns

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

31
Q

Atropine (Atropen)

A

Indications: Nerve agent poisoning

Contraindications: None

32
Q

Pralidoxime (2-Pam)

A

Indications: Nerve agent poisoning

Contraindications: None

33
Q

Oxymetazoline HCI (Afrin, Mucinex Nasal Spray, Vicks Sinex)

A

Indications: Nasal /sinus congestion (due to a cold, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies)

Contraindications: Extended use (e.g. more than 3 consecutive days). Hypersensitivity to other sympathomimetics

34
Q

Albuterol (ProAir HFA, Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA)

A

Indications: Bronchospasm, particularly when caused by anaphylaxis

Contraindications: Tachydysrhythmias, hypersensitivity

35
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex)

A

Indications: Expectorant (loosens phlegm / mucus and thins bronchial secretions to facilitate their removal during coughing and other natural processes)

Contraindications: None in our patient demographic

35
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex)

A

Indications: Expectorant (loosens phlegm / mucus and thins bronchial secretions to facilitate their removal during coughing and other natural processes)

Contraindications: None in our patient demographic

36
Q

Oxygen

A

Indications: Confirmed or expected hypoxemia; Ischemic chest pain; Respiratory insufficiency; Prophylactically during air transport; Confirmed or suspected carbon monoxide poisoning. All other causes of decreased tissue oxygenation.

Contraindications: Severe COPD / emphysema patients who do not tolerate oxygen concentrations that are > 35%. Hyperventilation

37
Q

Fluconazole (Diflucan)

A

Indications: Candidiasis

Contraindications: Coadministration with CYP3A4 substrates which may lead to QTc prolongation (e.g. erythromycin, acetaminophen, cyclosporine). Hypersensitivity

38
Q

Fluocinonide (Vanos)

A

Indications: Inflammatory and pruritic skin conditions

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

39
Q

Hydrocortisone 1%

A

Indications: Anal / genital pruritis. Corticosteroid-responsive skin conditions. Hemorrhoids

Contraindications: Systemic fungal infections. Hypersensitivity

40
Q

Clotrimazole 1% (Lotrimin)

A

Indications: Tinea pedis, tinea cruris, tinea corporis. Vaginal yeast infections

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

41
Q

Calcium Chloride

A

Indications: Hypocalcemia secondary to citrated blood infusion; Crush-induced hyperkalemia

Contraindications: Hypercalcemia

42
Q

Tranexamic Acid (TXA)

A

Indications: Trauma-associated hemorrhage or moderate traumatic brain injury (eg GCS 9-12)

Contraindications: Active intravascular clotting. Injury longer than 3 hours ago. Hypersensitivity

68W Pharmacology (2 decks)

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