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Civi US > Indian policy > Flashcards

Indian policy Flashcards

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1
Q

Indians before 1492

A
  • agricultural society
  • gathered in clan
  • no permanent land ownership
  • animism and close to nature
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2
Q

Changes during colonial period

A
  • arrival of disease from Europe
  • trade with Europeans
  • conflicts because settlers wanted land
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3
Q

Settlers’ attitude towards Indians

A
  • civilisation for settlers and savagery for Indians
  • superiority of white religion
  • erasing Indians via evangelisation, slavery, service
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4
Q

Trail of Tears - date + name of act

A

Indian Removal Act 1830

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5
Q

Meaning of Trail of Tears

A
  • suppression des camps
  • repousser les Indiens derrière le Mississipi
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6
Q

1851 Fort Laramie Treaty

A

Les Amérindiens contrôlent les Grandes Plaines en échange de pouvoir construire des routes et des forts + libre passage des blancs

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7
Q

1853 Treaty of Fort Atkinson

A

le traité devait permettre l’utilisation de routes et la construction de postes militaires et d’établissements similaires sur les terres indiennes

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8
Q

1868 Second Treaty of Fort Laramie

A

Gouvernement fédéral renonce à toute nouvelle intrusion dans le territoire Sioux = protection des réserves

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9
Q

1851 Indian Appropriation Act

A

Création des réserves indiennes

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10
Q

The Ghost Dance 1860

A

Indian Resistance

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11
Q

The Carlisle School - date , place & meaning

A

Fondée en 1879 en Pennsylvanie
Assimilation culturelle forcée (kill the indian, save the man)

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12
Q

Assimilation of Indians

A

Forcée en 1885 quand leur droit d’exploiter leur territoire sous leurs propres lois a été retiré

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13
Q

Dawes Act - date

A

1887

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14
Q

Dawes Act - meaning

A

régule la distribution des terres aux Amérindiens dans le territoire indien (oklahoma)

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15
Q

1887 - 1930

A

Les terres indiennes se sont réduites de 2/3

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16
Q

Massacre de 1890 ?

A
  • Massacre de Wounded Knee
  • Sitting Bull tué
17
Q

Indian Citizenship Act - date

A

1924

18
Q

Indian Citizenship Act - meaning

A

Amérindiens obtiennent la nationalité américaine mais PAS le droit de vote

19
Q

Indian Reorganization Act - date

A

1934

20
Q

Indian Reorganization Act - meaning

A

reconnaît aux tribus amérindiennes le droit à l’autonomie + restauration et survie de la souveraineté des amérindiens

21
Q

National Congress of American Indians - date de création

A

1944

22
Q

National Congress of American Indians - meaning

A

représente les tribus et résiste aux pressions du gouvernement fédéral en faveur de la suppression des droits tribaux et de l’assimilation de leur peuple.

23
Q

Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act - date

A

1975

24
Q

Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act - meaning

A

= full citizenship + self government

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