India And China Test Flashcards
Highest mountain range in the world
Himalaya Mountains
Father in charge
Patriarchal
Indus Valley cities
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
Who invaded and ruled northern India?
Aryans
Divide people into social groups, begun by Aryans, born into it, cannot change, marry into, jobs, 4 Varnas
Caste system
Outside of caste system, do “dirty jobs”
Untouchables
Priests
Brahmins
Language of the Aryana
Sanskrit
Polytheistic ( brahma, Vishnu, Siva) use caste system
Hinduism
Duty
Dharma
Good and bad forces
Karma
Reunite with Brahman
Moksha
Rebirth
Reincarnation
Rejects caste system, reincarnation, goal is to reach Nirvana
Buddha
Enlightened one
Siddhartha Gautama
Buddhas simple message
4 noble truths
- ) life is suffering
- ) suffering cause by desire
- ) desire can be ended
- ) suffering can be ended by following the 8 fold path
Way to reach Nirvana
8 fold path
Release from pain or suffering
Nirvana
Begun by Mahavira
•extreme non-violence
•very tolerant of other religions
Jainism
Why was Asoka a good ruler?
- built roads/rest stops
- concern for well being
- religious toleration
- Buddhist-> converts after battle of kalinga
- stone pillars-> moral teachings
- protects people/softer
Silk roads
- connects China to Europe
- middle men
How did Buddhism spread?
Silk Road
Seasonal winds
Monsoons
Huang He aka yellow river
- China’s Sorrow
- floods irregularly
- changes course
- loess
- North China plain
- civilization begins here
Loess
Silt
Zhou dynasty 1027 BC-256 BC
- feudalism
- mandate of heaven- first to use as a justification for ruling
- roads, canals
- coined money
- dynastic cycle
- longest ruling dynasty
- cast iron
- trade
- classical period
Censorate
a high-level supervisory agency in ancient China, first established during the Qin dynasty
Dao…
The way
Filial piety…
Respect for and obedience to your parent
Legalism
- Han Fei
- lived during the warring states period
- used during Qin Dynasty
- human nature is bad, selfish and evil
- punishment is stressed
- law- supreme authority and replaces morality
- ruler-strong punishing
- war is a means of strengthening a rulers’a power
Confucianism
- teaching used as a basis of civil service exams in Han dynasty
- 5 relationships
- filial piety
Analects
- collection of Confucian sayings
* focus on relationships and the role of rulers “gentlemen”
Emperor Wudi
•started public schools
•colonized Manchuria, Korea, and Vietnam
•civil service system
-bureaucrats
-Confucian gscholargentlry
-ew merchants
•revival of chineses landscape landscape painting
Han dynasty
- civil service jobs
- education
- glorious age Silk Road trade develops
- monopolis
- Buddhism comes to China
Inventions of the Han Dynasty
- paper
- wheel barrel
- collar harnesses for horses
- plow-two blades
- water mills
Women’s roles in China?
Not very important
What were tortoise shells used for during the Shang Dynasty?
Writing predictions on then
What was traded on the Silk Road?
Cloth,grains,ivory, metal, precious stones, silk, slaves, spices timber, tortoise shell
Huns
Invaders
Why did people practice human sacrifice during the Shang dynasty?
To worship ancestors
What was the Mandate of Heaven?
Approval from the gods to rule
What did King Wu do for the people?
Created a justice system
What where two things Shihuangdi do to unite his empire?
Standardized money and writing
How could you raise your rank and social status during the Qin Dynasty?
Behead an enemy
How did Shihuangdi ensure that he would stay in power?
Go rid of nobility, state system
What are three inventions of the Chinese?
Paper, silk, a compass
