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humanities > india > Flashcards

india Flashcards

1
Q

drum

A

sound of creation, beat of life, damaru

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2
Q

fire in palm of upper left hand

A

ability to destroy

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3
Q

arm put out in gesture of an elephant

A

strength

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4
Q

crown

A

the Himalayas

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5
Q

hair

A

the Ganges river

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6
Q

circle

A

samsara, cycle of reincarnation

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7
Q

raised left leg

A

moksha, liberation from the cycle

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8
Q

flames around the circle

A

destruction of samsara (cycle of reincarnation)

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9
Q

eyes

A

lotus-petal shaped eyes

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10
Q

lotus

A

grows out of murky pond water, impurity, and out of it comes a beautiful flower that is symbolic of spiritual purity and perfection, Shiva is standing on a lotus pedestal

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11
Q

maya (dwarf which is stomped upon)

A

illusions which distract us from escaping samsara (cycle of reincarnation) such as greed, etc.

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12
Q

how is Shiva Nataraja not limited by human figure?

A

Shiva is depicted with four arms and is idealized and composed of symbols

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13
Q

Brahma

A

the Creator of the Universe

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14
Q

Vishnu

A

the Preserver

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15
Q

avatars of vishnu

A

Krishna (the divine lover), Rama (symbol of loyalty and obedience), and Buddha

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16
Q

Shiva

A

the Destroyer

17
Q

Devi

A

represents the essence of the female power

18
Q

Hinduism

A
  • no single founder or prophet,
  • no single holy books
  • Worship is based on one-on-one relationship
19
Q

dancing celestial

A

India, 12th Century, sandstone, high relief, idealized, not limited by human proportions, feminine and serene smile

20
Q

what is the symbolism in the dancing celestial?

A

eyes in shape of lotus (spiritual purity), eyebrows in shape of archer’s bow, torso in shape of damaru (creation), arm in shape of long, edible root (idealized)

21
Q

parvati

A

10th century, India, Copper Alloy

22
Q

describe parvati

A

consort and wife of Shiva, accompanied by work of Shiva Nataraja, represents ideal wife and mother, torso in shape of damaru, holds lotus, elongated arm in shape of edible root (idealized)

23
Q

the goddess Durga killing the buffalo demon, Mahisha

A

12th century, India

  • a buffalo demon was going to destroy the world, so Shiva and the other male gods tried to destroy it, but failed. They gave their powers to the goddess Devi, who became Durga and grew multiple arms and slew the demon.
  • Durga is depicted standing on demon coming out of buffalo, and there are small versions of her in homes
24
Q

1st noble truth

A

life is abundant in suffering and despair

25
Q

2nd noble truth

A

the cause of the suffering is greed for temporary, frivolous pleasures

26
Q

3rd noble truth

A

end suffering through ending desire

27
Q

4th noble truth

A

to overcome the desires and achieve enlightenment, follow the Middle Way between desires and denial

28
Q

stupas

A

sacred mounds said to contain relics

29
Q

nirvana

A

the state of achieving enlightenment

humanities (4 decks)

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