Ind Rev 2 Flashcards
Define the impact of Chadwick’s findings on public health.
He showed that better sanitation could reduce disease and improve life expectancy.
What was the significance of Bazalgette’s construction?
He built an advanced sewer system that helped keep cities clean and safe.
Define the major publication of Edwin Chadwick and its impact.
Chadwick’s major publication, The Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population (1842), highlighted how overcrowding and dirty conditions led to high death rates, influencing public health reforms.
What reforms did Edwin Chadwick advocate for to improve public health?
Chadwick advocated for clean water, proper drainage, and waste removal as essential reforms to enhance public health.
Do you know the key figures in 19th-century public health reform?
The key figures were Edwin Chadwick, John Snow, and Joseph Bazalgette, who significantly contributed to improving sanitation and disease prevention.
Describe the miasma theory that John Snow challenged.
The miasma theory was a widely held belief that diseases were caused by bad air or ‘miasmas’ emanating from decaying organic matter.
Describe the contributions of Edwin Chadwick to public health reform.
Edwin Chadwick studied the link between poor sanitation, poverty, and disease, published The Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population in 1842, advocated for clean water, proper drainage, and waste removal, and his work led to the Public Health Act of 1848.
Define the significance of the book On the Mode of Communication of Cholera.
It explains how diseases spread through contaminated water.
How did Edwin Chadwick’s work influence public health legislation?
Chadwick’s advocacy for sanitation reforms and his findings led to the creation of the Public Health Act of 1848, establishing local health boards to oversee sanitation.
What problem did Joseph Bazalgette address in London?
He solved the issue of poor sanitation that caused frequent cholera outbreaks and the Great Stink of 1858.
Explain the relevance of his work today.
Parts of his sewer system are still in use today, setting a model for modern city sanitation.
How did the methods of tracking disease outbreaks influence public health?
They laid the foundation for modern epidemiology.
Describe the key discovery made during the 1854 cholera outbreak.
He mapped cases and traced the source to a contaminated water pump on Broad Street.
How did Snow contribute to our understanding of disease transmission?
He proved that cholera spread through water and introduced methods still used in disease prevention.
How effective was Bazalgette’s sewer system in improving public health?
He built 1,100 miles of underground sewers, which dramatically reduced cholera cases.
Describe how he planned for the future.
He designed the system to handle population growth, ensuring it would work for generations.
What was the biggest impact of Edwin Chadwick’s work on public health?
Chadwick’s biggest impact was the establishment of the Public Health Act of 1848, which created local health boards to manage sanitation.
Explain the significance of John Snow in the field of epidemiology.
John Snow challenged the miasma theory, which falsely claimed that diseases spread through bad air, and is known as the Father of Epidemiology for his work in understanding disease transmission.
Describe the sewer system built by Bazalgette.
It was designed to remove waste and prevent water contamination.
Discuss the lasting impact of their work on public health policies.
Their work shaped public health policies, engineering, and disease control, influencing how we keep water clean and track disease outbreaks.
Explain how the cholera outbreak was stopped during the 1854 incident.
The pump handle was removed, proving that cholera was spread through water.
