INCOSE ASEP Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is the system boundary?
A “line of demarcation” between the system itself and its great context (including the operating environment).
Define - Attribute of a system
An observable characteristic or property of the system
Define - variable
A symbol or name that identifies an attribute
Define - measurement
The outcome of a process in which the SOI interacts with an observation system under specified conditions.
When is a system in a state?
When the values assigned to its attributes remain constant or stead for a meaningful period of time.
Define - Dynamic behavior
The time evolution of the system state
Define - emergent behavior
A behavior of the system that cannot be understood exclusively in terms of the behavior of the individual system elements.
What is the black box representation based on?
An external view of the system
What is the white box representation based on?
An internal view of the system
Define - atomic system elements
Cannot be further decomposed
Define - System of systems
An SOI whose elements are managerially and/or operationally independent systems.
What characteristics can be useful when deciding if a particular SOI can be better understood as an SoS?
-Operational independence
-Managerial independence
-Geographical distribution
-Emergent behavior
-Evolutionary development processes
Complicated vs Complex systems
Complicated systems can be broken down recursively until the parts are so simple we understand them and then reassembled into a whole system.
Complex systems have emergent behavior that disappears when looking at parts in isolation.
Define - Enabling systems
Systems (that are not part of the operational environment) that facilitate the life cycle activities of the SOI by provided services that are needed.
Define - LCC
Life Cycle Cost accrued over time
When are errors least expensive to remove?
Early in the life cycle
What is the range of the total program cost and optimum level of SE?
8 to 19% (14% being optimum)
What is the ROI of SE for projects using no SE activities?
1 cost unit of SE will reduce total project cost by 7 (7:1 ROI)
What is the ROI of SE for projects using a medium level of SE?
3.5:1
What are the 4 SE skill levels?
- Awareness
- Supervised practitioner
- Practitioner
- Expert
What are the 3 SE Competency Frameworks?
- Systems Thinking
- Holistic life cycle view
- SE Management
What is the 70-20-10 SE development breakdown?
70% - Experience
20% - Mentoring
10% - Training
