Incontinence

Question 1

Causes of stress incontinence

Answer 1

Pelvic floor weakness, loss of elasticity, hormonal or CT effects impacting urethral sphincter

Question 2

Cause of urge incontinence

Answer 2

Abnl neural signals “PVC of the bladder” -> overactive detrusor muscle

Question 3

What is overflow incontinence?

Answer 3

Blockage of the outlet e.g. w prostate enlargement or weak bladder muscle fx -> frequent dribbling

Question 4

Causes of transient incontinence

Answer 4

DIAPPERS: delirium, infec, atrophic vaginitis, pharmaceuticals, psych issue esp depression, excessive urine output e.g. hyperglycemia, reduced mobility/reversible urinary retention, stool impaction

Question 5

Lifestyle changes for stress incontinence treatment (6)

Answer 5

weight loss, fluid reduction, caffeine reduction, smoking cessation, control of constipation, Kegels

Question 6

Most effective treatments of stress incontinence (3)

Answer 6

Pessaries, intravaginal estrogen, surgery: sling, injection of bulking agent

Question 7

Additional lifestyle change for urge incontinence

Answer 7

Bladder retraining/ scheduled foiding

Question 8

Medications are used most for what type of incontinence? What drug classes are used? (4)

Answer 8

Urge. Anticholinergics, beta-agonists, estrogen, botulinum toxin injections