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CVPR > [INCOMPLETE] Antiarrhythmic drugs > Flashcards

[INCOMPLETE] Antiarrhythmic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Class I antiarrhythmic agents act on which ion channels?

A

Na+ channels

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2
Q

Class II antiarrhythmic act on which receptors?

A

Beta-receptors

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3
Q

Class III antiarrhythmic agents act on which ion channels?

A

K+ channels

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4
Q

Class IV antiarrhythmic agents act on which ion channels?

A

Ca2+ channels

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5
Q

Which class of antiarrhythmic agents act on Na+ channels?

A

Class I

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6
Q

Which class of antiarrhythmic agents act on Beta-receptors?

A

Class II

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7
Q

Which class of antiarrhythmic agents act on K+ channels?

A

Class III

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8
Q

Which class of antiarrhythmic agents act on Ca2+ channels?

A

Class IV

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9
Q

What effect do group IA antiarrhythmic agents have on AP duration?

A

Prolong AP duration

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10
Q

What effect do group IB antiarrhythmic agents have on AP duration?

A

Slightly shorten AP duration in ischemic tissue

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11
Q

What effect do group IC antiarrhythmic agents have on AP duration?

A

No effect on AP duration

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12
Q

Group IA antiarrhythmic agents dissociate with what kinetics?

A

Intermediate kinetics

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13
Q

Group IB antiarrhythmic agents dissociate with what kinetics?

A

Rapid kinetics

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14
Q

Group IC antiarrhythmic agents dissociate with what kinetics?

A

Slow kinetics

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15
Q

What is the group IA antiarrhythmic agent prototype?

A

Procainamide

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16
Q

Procainamide is the prototype of which class of antiarrhythmic agent?

A

Group IA

17
Q

Group IA antiarrhythmic agents have what effects on Purkinje fiber action potentials?

A

Slow upstroke of AP, prolong AP duration, increase refractory period

18
Q

Group IA antiarrhythmic agents cause what changes seen on EKG?

A

QRS prolongation, QT prolongation

19
Q

What are the common side effects of group IA antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Torsades de pointe (more likely in hypokalemic patients), lupus-like syndrome, thrombocytopenia

20
Q

What effect does hyperkalemia have on cardiac toxicity of class I antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Exacerbates cardiac toxicity by increasing blockade of NA+ channels

21
Q

Group IA antiarrhythmic agents are contraindicated in patients that are taking what drugs?

A

Drugs that cause hypokalemia or prolong AP duration (increased risk of Torsade de Pointes)

22
Q

Procainamide is given to patients in which form?

A

IV only

23
Q

What is the group IB prototype antiarrhythmic agent?

A

Lidocaine

24
Q

Lidocaine and mexiletine belong to which class of antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Group IB

25
Q

Lidocaine is given to patients in which form?

A

IV only

26
Q

Mexiletine is given to patients in which form?

A

Oral only

27
Q

Class IB antiarrhythmic agents have what effects on Purkinje fiber action potentials?

A

Little effect on normal tissue due to rapid dissociation; slow upstroke of AP, shortened AP duration in ischemic tissue

28
Q

Group IB antiarrhythmic agents cause what changes on EKG?

A

Slight shortening of QT interval

29
Q

What are the common side effects of group IB antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Restlessness, tremor, convulsions, respiratory/cardiovascular depression

30
Q

Group IB antiarrhythmic agents are contraindicated in patients taking which drugs?

A

Drugs that decrease seizure threshold or cause hyperkalemia

31
Q

What is the group IC prototype antiarrhythmic agent?

A

Flecainide

32
Q

Flecainide is the prototype for which class of antiarrhythmic agent?

A

Group IC

33
Q

Group IC antiarrhythmic agents have what effects on Purkinje fiber action potentials?

A

Slow upstroke of AP without AP prolongation

34
Q

Group IC antiarrhythmic agents cause what changes on EKG?

A

Increase QRS duration

35
Q

What are the major side effects of group IC antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Exacerbation of heart failure, increase mortality post acute MI, can cause cardiac arrest in patients with prolonged QRS

36
Q

What are the uses of group IC antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias in patients without structural or ischemic alterations of the heart

37
Q

What are the uses of group IB antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias caused by acute ischemia or digoxin toxicity

38
Q

What are the uses of group IA antiarrhythmic agents?

A

Treatment of all types of arrhythmias, especially in acute phase of myocardial infarction

CVPR (1 decks)

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