Inclusive Development Flashcards
Multi-dimensional poverty index by —-. Devlp by — and — in 2010. Covers over 100 — countries. Captures both — and – of poverty by assessing the poverty at —-.
Undp.
Oxford poverty and human development initiative(OPHI) and UNDP.
Incidence and intensity of poverty. assesses poverty at individual level.
Poor= ---- Extent or intensity of poverty- 10 Indicators- 1)Education- 2)Std of living- 3) Health-
Deprived in 3 or more indicators.
Calculating the % of their deprivations.
- Years of schooling (1/6), School attendance (1/6).
- Cooking fuel(1/18), Sanitation (1/18), Drinking water(1/18), Electricity(1/18), Housing(1/18), Assets(1/18).
- Nutrition(1/6), Child mortality(1/6)
2019 Index covered — countries—31 low income, 68 middle income
and 2 high income.
As per Index —- people in the world are still multidimensionally poor.
- 101 countries
- 1.3 billion
- One in every three children (under the age of 10) and every second child below the age of 18 years is multidimensionally poor in the world.
- About 34% of the world’s children and 17.5% adults covered under MPI survey are multidimensionally poor.
- One adult in six is multidimensionally poor compared with one child in three, hence children are more prone to multidimensional poverty than adults.
India lifted —- people out of poverty between 2006 and 2016, (reduced from 0.283 in 2005-06 to —- in 2015-16) recording the—- reductions in the multidimensional poverty index values during the period with strong improvements in areas such as —,—,— and —.
Among 10 selected countries—-reduced their MPI values the fastest.
- 271 million
- 0.123
- fastest
- assets, cooking fuel, sanitation and nutrition
- India (and Cambodia)
In states, — made the most progress.(reduced the incidence of multidimensional poverty from 74.9% in 2005-06 to 46.5% in 2015-16).
India (along with Ethiopia and Peru) significantly reduced deprivations in —- indicators.
MPI reduced from 640 million people (55.1%) in 2005-2006 to —- in 2015-16.
-India is among 3 countries where poverty reduction in rural areas — that in urban areas.
Jharkhand.
- ALL 10 indicators
- 369 million people (27.9%)
- Outpaced
Global Livability Index
• Released by-
• It assesses— and ranks them according to their performance in over 30 qualitative
and quantitative factors across five broad categories -
• Top Ranker- ——-New Delhi
and Mumbai ranked ——- in 2019 index.
Economist Intelligence Unit - 140 cities -Stability, Healthcare, Culture and environment, Education, and Infrastructure. -Vienna. -118th and 119th
Ease of Living Index (EoLI) Released by-
• It is aimed at providing a holistic
view of Indian —— -services provided by local bodies,
effectiveness of administration, outcomes generated through these services in terms of liveability within cities and citizen
—- of these outcomes.
• It will facilitate the assessment of ease of living of citizens across
three pillars: —–
which are further divided into– such as Education, Health, Housing & Shelter, WASH & SWM, Mobility, Safety &
Security across 50 indicators.
• For the first time, as part of the
Ease of Living Index Assessment, a — is being conducted (which carries— of
the marks of the EoLI).
- Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
- cities- perception
- Quality of Life, Economic Ability and Sustainability
- 14 categories
- Citizen Perception Survey- 30%
Municipal Performance Index (MPI) • Released by- • It will assess performance of municipalities on five enablers- which include 20 indicators such as Education, Health, Water & Wastewater, SWM & Sanitation, Registration & Permits, Infrastructure, revenue Management etc. • This will help Municipalities in better planning and management, filling gaps in city administration and improving liveability of cities.
Ministry of Housing
and Urban Affairs
-Service, Finance, Planning, Technology and Governance
Draft code on — also considers gig and — workers. This is happening for the —.
Such schemes would encompass issues
like —-, —, — and “any other benefit as
may be determined by the Central
Government”.
Gig workers are any worker who are — the traditional employee and employer relationship.
- Social security
- 1st time
- “life and disability cover”, “health
and maternity benefits”, “old age
protection”
-outside
—-is a person who is part of an organisation that “uses an online platform to access other organisations or
individuals to solve specific problems or
to provide specific services in exchange
for payment”. E.g. Uber driver
Platform worker.
Code on —– is related to trade unions, employment conditions, investigation and settlement of industrial disputes. It will simplify 3 acts-
-Code on Industrial relations
-The Trade Unions Act, 1926, The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 and
The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
Code on — will subsume – acts and provides for — of social security benefits and — of employees provident fund monthly contri by workers in —- sectors.
Est of —- and tap CSR fund to offer —- sector workers certain benefits via the —-.
- Social Security- 9 Central labour acts.
- Universalization
- Reduction
- Select sectors
- Social security fund
- Unorganized
Code on occupational safety sets up — at national and state level to — on stds, rules, and regulations under the code. Replace 13 — and will regulate —- of workers in est with – or more workers and in — mines and docks.
- Occupational safety boards
- advice
- labour laws
- health and safety
- 10 or more
- ALL mines and docks.
Welfare facilities, working conditions and work hours for
different types of establishments
and workers will be prescribed by
the central or state governments
through rules.
—- will be applicable to ALL employees. Wage related decisions for employments such as railways, mines, and oil fields, among others will be taken by —. —- will make decisions for all other employments.
- Code on wages
- Central governments
- State governments
Wages= salary, allowance, or anything monetary except — or — allowance. Min. wages will be notified by —-.
- Bonus or travel allowance.
- Central or state govt- both can be involved.
