in vitro cloning Flashcards
1
Q
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
A
forming multiple copies of DNA fragments. DNA is cloned
2
Q
does in vitro use living cells
A
no
3
Q
summarise the process of amplifying DNA fragments using PCR
A
- heated to 95 - 98 to break apart double stranded DNA into 2 single strands
- cooled to 55 allow DNA strand to bind to complementary primers
- heated again to 72 to activate heat stable DNA polymerase and allow free nucleotides to join
- new DNA acts as template for next cycle
4
Q
what are DNA primers
A
short, single stranded DNA complementary to single stranded DNA
5
Q
what happens when DNA primers are added
A
allows DNA polymerase to attach and prevent the 2 strands of DNA from re joining
6
Q
real life use of PCR
A
- diagnose dieses, genetic disorders, types of cancer
- evidence at a crime scene
7
Q
advantages of in in vitro
A
simple and cheaper
