In Progress: Student-Made Deck: Anatomy

Question 1

What is the main purpose of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

Transport gases and substances throughout the body.

Question 2

What are the two sections of the skeletal system?

Answer 2

axial and appendicular

Question 3

What are the four components in blood?

Answer 3

Red Blood cells, White Blood cells, platelets, and Plasma

Question 4

What causes spongy bone to be light but very strong?

Answer 4

It’s not solid; it’s porous (has air pockets) which makes it lighter, but still able to handle heavy loads.

Question 5

What are the two types of bone marrow?

Answer 5

red and yellow

Question 6

What does plasma contain?

Answer 6

Glucose, nutrients, and proteins

Question 7

What are the two main components of the nervous system?

Answer 7

Glial Cells and Neurons

Question 8

What is the universal form of energy used by cells in the body?

Answer 8

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Question 9

What is the primary moving muscle in a motion called?

Answer 9

The agonist

Question 10

What is the muscle that resists the motion of the primary mover called?

Answer 10

The antagonist

Question 11

What determines the blood type of an individual?

Answer 11

The specific antigens and agglutinates on the red blood cells.

Question 12

Which side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood?

Answer 12

The right side (Right=Returning from the body)

Question 13

Which carries oxygenated blood throughout the body: arteries or veins?

Answer 13

Arteries (Arteries carry blood Away)

Question 14

How are capillaries different than veins and arteries?

Answer 14

They are only one cell thick to allow for gas exchange

Question 15

What are the five shapes/forms of bone?

Answer 15

Flat, long, short, irregular, and sesamoid

Question 16

What is the process of sending a signal from or through a neuron called?

Answer 16

An action potential

Question 17

The four components of the skeletal system are bone, tendons, ________, and ___________.

Answer 17

ligaments and cartilage

Question 18

What are the four tissue types?

Answer 18

muscular, connective, epithelial, nervous

Question 19

What kind of tissue is blood?

Answer 19

connective

Question 20

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 20

smooth, cardiac, and skeletal

Question 21

What are the two loops of the circulatory system called?

Answer 21

The pulmonary loop (brings blood from the body through the heart to the lungs and back) and the systemic loop (brings blood from the heart to the body and back to the heart)

Question 22

What is the purpose of the endocrine system?

Answer 22

It secretes hormones to maintain homeostasis and control body processes

Question 23

What are the two types of hormones?

Answer 23

steroid and non-steroid hormones

Question 24

What is the functional difference between steroid hormones and nonsteroid hormones?

Answer 24

Steroid hormones can pass through cell membranes without assistance; non-steroid hormones cannot

Question 25

How does the endocrine system regulate a response to a stimulus, like high blood sugar?

Answer 25

It uses a negative feedback loop, which means it produces a hormone in response until the stimulus is reduced, which signals the endocrine system to slow down/stop.

Question 26

What “gland” is simultaneously a part of the nervous system and the control center for the endocrine system?

Answer 26

The hypothalamus

Question 27

Which gland is responsible for HGH (human growth hormone)?

Answer 27

The pituitary (anterior)

Question 28

Which gland is primarily responsible for managing blood sugar and assisting in the digestion process?

Answer 28

the pancreas

Question 29

Which gland is responsible for regulating the day/night cycle with melatonin and serotonin?

Answer 29

The pineal

Question 30

Which gland regulates blood calcium?

Answer 30

The parathyroid

Question 31

Which gland controls cell metabolism?

Answer 31

The thryoid

Question 32

Which gland assists the immune system by helping with the creation of white blood cells?

Answer 32

The thymus

Question 33

Adrenaline (epinephrine and norepinephrine) and cortisol are regulated by _________

Answer 33

The adrenals

Question 34

The ovaries produce which primary hormones?

Answer 34

Progesterone and estrogen

Question 35

The testes produce which primary hormone?

Answer 35

Testosterone

Question 36

What are the three macromolecules of carbs, fats, and proteins broken down into?

Answer 36

Proteins=amino acids
Carbs=sugars
Fats=Lipids

Question 37

What is the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion?

Answer 37

Mechanical refers to physical/manual breakdown of food (chewing, crushing), chemical refers to the use of enzymes and acids to break food down further into useful material

Question 38

What are the 3 main functions of the digestive system?

Answer 38

To break down food into usable material, to absorb nutrients into the bloodstream, and to expel waste

Question 39

What is the purpose of the epiglottis?

Answer 39

To stop food from accidentally entering the respiratory system through the trachea

Question 40

What is the purpose of the small intestine?

Answer 40

To finish digestion and absorb nutrients into the bloodstream

Question 41

What is the purpose of the large intestine?

Answer 41

To reabsorb water from remaining digested material and prepare/send waste to the rectum