Improving Accuracy of Eyewitness Testimony Flashcards
what is the cognitive interview
based upon proven psychological principles to enhance effective memory recall
who developed the cognitive interview
geiselman
what are the four stages to the cognitve interview
- report everything
- reinstate the context
- reverse the order
- change perspective
in the cognitive interview what is meant by report everything
witness is encouraged to include every detail of the event even if it seems irrelevant
in the cognitive interview what is meant by reinstate the context
witness should return to crime scene in their mind and imagine the environment and their emotions
in the cognitive interview what is meant by reversed the order
events should be recalled in a different chronological order to the original sequencing
in the cognitive interview what is meant by change perspective
witness should recall the incident from the perspective of someone else there
in the cognitive interview what is the effect of report everything
witnesses may not realise how important a detail is, or these could trigger other important memories
in the cognitive interview what is the effect of reinstate the context
context and state dependent forgetting
in the cognitive interview what is the effect of reverse the order
prevents people reporting their expectations of how the event must’ve happened by disrupting schemas, prevents dishonesty since harder to lie
in the cognitive interview what is the effect of change perspective
disrupts effect of expectations and schema on recall
what are the problems associated with the standard interview
- interviewer does more talking than the witness
- questions often predetermined
- questions are often leading
