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MUSIC > Impressionism, Expressionism, Chance & Electronic Music > Flashcards

Impressionism, Expressionism, Chance & Electronic Music Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Impressionism?

A

style of music that highlights suggestion and atmosphere

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2
Q

Where is Impressionism derived?

A

from an 1872 painting of Claude Monet, “Sunrise in the Paris Salon”

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3
Q

When was Claude Debussy born?

A

August 22, 1862

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4
Q

When did Claude Debussy died?

A

March 25, 1918

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5
Q

Where was Debussy born?

A

St. Germaine-Laye near Paris

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6
Q

What age was Debussy when he entered the Paris Conservatoire?

A

11 yo

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7
Q

He was the Father of Modern School of Compositions.

A

Claude Debussy

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8
Q 
What title was Debussy given because
of his numerical
musical composition
which includes
orchestral music,
operas, ballet songs
and other vocal music?
A

Father of Modern School of Compositions

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9
Q

Name a work of Debussy.

A 
Suite Bergamesque
Claire de Lune
L'enfant prodigue
La Mer
Nocturnes
Prelude of an Aftrenoon of a Faun
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10
Q

Which work of Debussy did he win an award in the 1884 Prix de Rome?

A

L’enfant prodigue

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11
Q

Debussy was accepted to a scholarship to which academy?

A

Academie des Beaux-Arts at Villa Medici

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12
Q

When was Maurice Ravel born?

A

March 7, 1875

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13
Q

Where was Ravel born?

A

Ciboure, France

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14
Q

Which ethnicities were Ravel’s parents belong?

A

his mother is Basque

his father is Swiss

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15
Q

When did Ravel die?

A

1937

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16
Q

Where did Ravel die?

A

Paris

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17
Q

Ravel suffered what disorder?

A

Aphasia

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18
Q

Which Impressionist composer uses Appoggiaturas?

A

Maurice Ravel

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19
Q

What is Appoggiaturas used for?

A

it creates suspension

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20
Q

What age was Ravel when he entered the Paris Conservatoire?

A

14 yo

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21
Q

Name a work of Ravel.

A

Bolero
La Valse
Miroirs
Ma merel’oie

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22
Q

Characteristics of IMPRESSIONISM

A

Harmony, Rhythm, Tone Colour

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23
Q

Impressionism’s Harmony is…?

A

Indistinguishable; chords overlapping

daydreamy, floating feeling

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24
Q

Impressionism’s Rhythm is…?

A

lacking in central rhythm

doesn’t give a tapping-your-feet feeling

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25
Q

Impressionism’s Tone Colour is…?

A

insturmentation retains subtle flavour of Impressionism

dream-like, magical atmosphere

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26
Q

What era was melody less important?

A

Expressionism

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27
Q

It sought to express disturbed conditions in the mind.

A

Expressionism

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28
Q

It is the answer of the Germans to the French Impressionism.

A

Expressionism

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29
Q

It has a hyper-expressive harmony.

A

Expressionism

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30
Q

It is better performed with instruments than sung.

A

Expressionism

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31
Q

When was Arnold Schoenberg born?

A

September 13, 1874

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32
Q

Where was Arnold Schoenberg born?

A

Vienna, Austria

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33
Q

Which Expressionism Composer had lessons with Alexander von Zemlinsky?

A

Arnold Schoenberg

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34
Q

Who began studying violin at age 8?

A

Arnold Schoenberg

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35
Q

Schoenberg studied the violin at what age?

A

8 yo

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36
Q

Who composed a string sextet entitled, Transfigured Night?

A

Arnold Schoenberg

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37
Q

Who suffered from triskaidekaphobia?

A

Arnold Schoenberg

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38
Q

Who is the leader of Contemporary Musical Thought?

A

Arnold Schoenberg

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39
Q

Who introduced the twelve-tone technique?

A

Arnold Schoenberg

40
Q

What is the Twelve Tone Technique?

A

arrangement of twelve chromatic pitches in series that provides the melodic and harmonic basis for a musical composition.

41
Q

These are notes that are numbered.

A

Pitch Classes

42
Q

What do you call the arrangement of twelve chromatic pitches in series that provides the melodic and harmonic basis for a musical composition?

A

Twelve Tone Technique

43
Q

What are Pitch Classes?

A

Notes that are numbered

44
Q

Name a work of Schoenberg.

A 
Pierrot Lunaire
Six Little Piano Pieces
Serenade
Ode to Napoleon Bonaparte
Five Pieces for Orchestra
45
Q

When was Igor Stravinsky born?

A

June 17, 1882

46
Q

Where was Igor Stravinsky born?

A

Oranienbaum, Russia

47
Q

What job did Stravinsky’s father have?

A

A bass singer at the Imperial Opera

48
Q

What did Stravinsky study at the St. Petersburg University?

A

Law and Philosophy

49
Q

Where did Stravinsky study law and philosophy?

A

St. Petersburg University

50
Q

At age 20, to whom did Stravinsky show his early pieces?

A

Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian composer)

51
Q

At what age did Stravinsky show his early pieces to Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov?

A

20 yo

52
Q

Who commissioned Stravinsky to write a musical piece for a ballet with elephants?

A

George Ballanchine

53
Q

When was Stravinsky commissioned to write a musical piece for a ballet with elephants?

A

1942

54
Q

What was the musical piece commissioned by George Ballanchine for?

A

A ballet with elephants

55
Q

Name a work of Stravinsky.

A 
Oedipus Rex
The Firebird
The Rite of Spring
Symphony of Psalms
The Soldier's Tale
56
Q

The percussive use of dissonance, polyrhythms, and polytonality made Stravinsky known as the…?

A

destructive modernist par excellence

57
Q

Characteristics of EXPRESSIONISM

A

Harmony, Rhythm, Tone Colour

58
Q

Expressionism’s Harmony is…?

A 
uses atonality (lack of tonal centre)
feelings of anxiety, rage, alienation, etc.
59
Q

Expressionism’s Rhythm is…?

A

balanced and generally understated

doesn’t encourage swaying with music

60
Q

Expressionism’s Tone Colour is…?

A

polyphonic and dense

arouses strong emotions

61
Q

What do you call the music involving the use of electronics, such as recording and editing on tape?

A

Electronic Music

62
Q

What era did new instruments emerged, like the Theremin, the Ondes Martenot, and the Hammond Organ?

A

Electronic Music

63
Q

What is the most important development of art music?

A

Electronic Music

64
Q

Stages of the Development of Electronic Music

A

Magnetic Tape Recording

Synthesizers

Electronic Computer

65
Q

In 1947, a group of music technicians in a Paris radio station started to experiment with musique concrete. Who led the group?

A

Pierre Schaeffer

66
Q

When did a group of music technicians in a Paris radio station started to experiment with musique concrete?

A

1947

67
Q

What do you call the music that is made up of natural sounds and sound effects
that were recorded and altered
by changing the speed of the records?

A

Musique Concrete

68
Q

What is the name of an analog programmable electronic music synthesizer created by the RCA Corporation in 1955?

A

Radio Corporation America Electronic Music

69
Q

What do you call a device for combining sound generators and sound modifiers in one package?

A

Synthesizer

70
Q

What are the first synthesizers developed during the 1st stage?

A

RCA electronic instrument
Theremin
Moog

71
Q

What do you call a sound generator that features a graph representation of the shape of any sound wave.

A

Electronic Computer

72
Q

What device translates the graphs into a series of numbers into a sound playable on a tape recorder?

A

Digital Analog Converter

73
Q

Which instrument is the most flexible of all electronic instruments?

A

Electronic Computer

74
Q

Who was the French born composer who spent the greater part of his career in the US?

A

Edgar Varese

75
Q

Who is the Father of Electronic Music?

A

Edgar Varese

76
Q

Which composer has a style that is characterised by dissonance and asymmetrical
rhythm?

A

Edgar Varese

77
Q

Which composer invented the technique “organised sounds”?

A

Edgar Varese

78
Q

These are the elements of music that were grouped together to produce a new kind of sound.

A

Organised Sounds

79
Q

Which composer gained the title “Stratospheric Colossal of Sound” due to his advanced tape-sound music?

A

Edgar Varese

80
Q

Varese had a title for his advanced tape-sound music. What was the title given to him?

A

Stratospheric Colossal of Sound

81
Q

Name a work of Varese.

A

Hyperprism
Density 21.5
Poeme Electronique

82
Q

What do you call a performance all determined by elements of chance or unpredictability?

A

Chance Music

83
Q

It comes from the word Latin word alea, meaning dice.

A

Aleatoric Music

84
Q

What do you call a performance that is sometimes left to the determination of its performers?

A

Aleatoric Music

85
Q

What does alea mean?

A

Dice

86
Q

When was John Cage born?

A

September 5, 1912

87
Q

He was one of the prominent avant-garde composers of the 20th century.

A

John Cage

88
Q

Other term for chance music.

A

Aleatoric Music

89
Q

This type of music is frequently found in some opera choruses.

A

Aleatoric/Chance Music

90
Q

Which composer was an American music

theorist, composer, pianist, and philosopher?

A

John Cage

91
Q

What is the full name of John Cage?

A

John Milton Cage Jr.

92
Q

Name a work of Cage.

A

4’33’’

93
Q

It is a three movement composition with a duration of 4 minutes and 33 seconds of silence.

A

4’33’’

94
Q

Tacet comes from the Latin tacere which means…?

A

to be silent

95
Q

It is written in a music score directing an instrument or voice not to play during a movement.

A

Tacet

MUSIC (2 decks)

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