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APCSP > Important Vocab. A-I > Flashcards

Important Vocab. A-I Flashcards

1
Q

AND

A

basic logic gate where every part of a statement must be true for the entire statement to be true.

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2
Q

APPLICATIONS

A

includes word processors, photo editing software, we browsers, games, music programs, and almost everything else on the computer excluding saved files.

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3
Q

ARPANET

A

the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. First agency to use TCP/IP

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4
Q

ASCⅡ

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

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5
Q

ASYMMETRIC KEY ENCRYPTION

A

a different key is used to encrypt and decrypt a message.

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6
Q

ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION

A

enabled by the “cloud” or servers located remotely.

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7
Q

AGGREGATION

A

the formation of items of content so that they can be displayed or linked to.

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8
Q

BIG DATA

A

sets of data that are larger than a consumer software application can handle.

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9
Q

BINARY

A

number system that uses 0,1; base 2.

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10
Q

BIOS

A

basic input/output system.

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11
Q

BIT

A

each number in the binary system, 0 or 1.

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12
Q

BIT RATE

A

the number of bits that can be processed per second.

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13
Q

BYTE

A

8 bits.

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14
Q

BRUTE FORCE TECHNIQUES

A

trying every solution to break through the protection around encrypted data.

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15
Q

BANDWIDTH

A

the amount of resources available to transmit the data.

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16
Q

CAESAR CIPHER

A

a shift cipher where each letter is shifted the same amount.

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17
Q

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

A

carries out every command or process on the computer and can be thought of as the brain of the computer.

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18
Q

CIPHER

A

is a pair of algorithms that give details on how to encrypt and decrypt the data.

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19
Q

CLIENT

A

any computer that requests a service.

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20
Q

CLOUD COMPUTING

A

using a remoter server to store files.

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21
Q

CMYK

A

color model used for printing. Stands for cyan, magenta, yellow, and black(key), where the number associated with each letter is the percentage of each color used.

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22
Q

COMPUTATIONALLY HARD

A

a problem that takes too long even for a computer to find the exact solution.

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23
Q

COMPUTER

A

an electronic device that processes data according to a set of instructions or commands, known as a program.

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24
Q

CONSTANT

A

used in coding to store a value that cannot be changed.

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25
Q

CORE

A

the central processing unit (CPU) and the main memory.

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26
Q

CSS

A

Cascading Style Sheets, redefines mark-up in HTML.

27
Q

COOKIES

A

text files containing personal information of a user.

28
Q

CLOUD-BASED STORAGE

A

can be accessed from any location with an Internet connection and is good for storage for different people

29
Q

DDoS

A

distributed denial-of-service attack, hackers flood a site with fake requests making all the site’s recourses unavailable for legitimate users.

30
Q

DEBUGGING

A

finding errors in code.

31
Q

DECIMAL

A

number system that used 0-9; base 10.

32
Q

DECRYPTION

A

the reverse process of encryption.

33
Q

DESIGN - IMPLEMENT - TEST

A

the three steps of the iterative development process.

34
Q

DIGIT

A

each number in the decimal system 0-9.

35
Q

DIGITAL CERTIFICATE

A

a trusted third-party file that verifies a site as legitmate.

36
Q

DIGITAL SIGNATURE

A

an electronic signature that , by using public key, can be verified authentic.

37
Q

DNS

A

Domain Name System, one of the smaller networks that make up the Internet. It contains many servers that act like phone books.

38
Q

DOMAIN NAME

A

a name given or linked to an IP address.

39
Q

DIGITAL MILLENNIUM COPYRIGHT ACT

A

works to prevent illegal file sharing, illegal downloads, and other licensing violations.

40
Q

DATA-MINING

A

process of discovering patterns in large data sets.

41
Q

ENCRYPTION

A

taking text and converting it so it is illegible.

42
Q

FAULT TOLERANT

A

a property of IP. If there is an error, it still works properly.

43
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol, used for transferring files between a client and a server.

44
Q

HACKER

A

anyone who uses their technological skills to solve problems. A malicious security hacker exploits weaknesses on a computer or network and can steal or disrupt data.

45
Q

HARDWARE

A

the physical parts of the computer, including devices such as the monitor, keyboard, speakers, wires, chips, cables, plugs, disks, printers, and mice.

46
Q

HEURISTIC APPROACH

A

an approach that gives results that are “good enough” when an exact answer is not necessary.

47
Q

HEXADECIMAL

A

number system that uses 0-9 & a-f; base 16.

48
Q

HTML

A

Hyper Text Markup Language, the standard for creating web pages.

49
Q

HTTP

A

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, used for websites.

50
Q

HTTPS

A

a secure version of HTTP that uses SSL/TLS.

51
Q

IMAP

A

Internet Message Access Protocol, used for e-mail.

52
Q

INCREMENTAL

A

done in small chuncks.

53
Q

INPUT & OUTPUT (I/O) DEVICES

A

how the user interacts with the computer.

54
Q

INTERNET

A

a network of smaller networks connected using a specific set of rules that computers use to communicate with each other.

55
Q

IP

A

Internet Protocol, a unique address for every device connected to the Internet.

56
Q

IP ADDRESS

A

a unique identifier for every device on the Internet.

57
Q

IPv4

A

the version of IP that uses 32-bit addresses.

58
Q

IPv6

A

the version of IP that uses 128-bit addresses.

59
Q

ISP

A

Internet Service Provider.

60
Q

ITERATIVE

A

continuously repeating steps, achieved in programming by using loops.

61
Q

ITERATIVE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

A

breaks the development process into smaller parts.

62
Q

INTRACTABLE ALGORTIHM

A

no solution/way to solve the problem.

63
Q

INSERT COMMAND

A

shifts values in a list to the right.

APCSP (2 decks)

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