Important Terms Ch 1 And 2 Flashcards
Anthropic Principle
The structure of the universe appears to be wired to support the existence of life
Egocentrism
Tendency to view one’s personal values, beliefs , etc
Ethnocentrism
Tendency to view one’s race or culture as the standard to measure others
Defense Mechanisms
Strategies used to protect ourselves from unpleasant personal reflections
Rationalization
Justifying things that do not make sense and explaining away things that should be examined
Denial
A refusal to acknowledge negative attention
Cognitive Dissonance
When behaviors are inconsistent with beliefs resulting in mental discomfort
Comformity
Following the patterns of others for the sake of acceptance and/ or the avoidance of conflict
Overgenralizing
Reaching a conclusion based on a single or few incidents
Mind reading
Assuming knowledge about someone’s thoughts, feelings, or motives
Filtering
Distorting reality by focusing on the negative while ignoring the positive
Catastrophizing
The anticipation of forthcoming disaster
Personalizing
Taking everything that happens personally
Perfectionism
The pursuit of perfection
Reason
Being one’s conclusions on evidence
Emotion
The experience of feelings
Overgeneralizing
Reaching conclusions on minimal evidence
Stereotypes
Men are more rational, women are more emotional
Empathy
Understanding another’s perspective, caring about someone and their situation
Emotional intelligence
Using emotions and empathy to connect with others
Design
- Whatever we seen design knows that there is a designer
- The world is filled with design
- Therefore, the world has a designer
Contingency
- Possible things come to exist only when that which is necessary exists
- The universe itself is not necessary
- Thus, there must be a being (God) who is necessary to have brought the universe into existence
