IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES Flashcards
The process by which a drug enters the
bloodstream after administration
ABSORPTION
The fraction of an administered dose that
reaches the systemic circulation and is available for distribution to the site of action.
BIOAVAILABILITY
The interaction between a drug and a target molecule, such as a receptor or enzyme.
BINDING
The rate at which a drug is eliminated from the body
CLEARANCE
The inhibition of an enzyme’s activity by
a drug, which can affect its metabolic pathways.
ENZYME INHIBITION
The movement of a drug from the
bloodstream to the tissues and organs.
DISTRIBUTION
The process by which a drug is removed from
the body, including metabolism and excretion
ELIMINATION
The state in which the rate of absorption
equals the rate of elimination, resulting in a constant plasma concentration.
EQUILIBRIUM
The study of the rates and mechanisms of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination.
KINETICS
The time it takes for the concentration of a drug in the body to decrease by half due to elimination
HALF - LIFE
The breakdown of a drug into its metabolites,
which can be active or inactive
METABOLISM
The study of the effects of drugs on the body, including their mechanisms of action and response.
PHARMACODYNAMICS
The ability of a drug to dissolve in water or other solvents
SOLUBILITY
The study of how genetic variations
affect an individual’s response to drugs.
PHARMACOGENETICS
The ability of a drug to cause harm or adverse
effects at doses higher than those used therapeutically
TOXICITY
The volume of fluid in which the total amount of a drug is distributed in the body.
VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION (VD)
The five traditional rights in the traditional sequence include:
- ‘Right patient’
- ‘Right drug’
- ‘Right Route’
- ‘Right time’
- ‘Right dose
recommend four additional rights, including right
documentation, right indication for prescription, right
patient response, and right form of administration within a
given route.
ELLIOT ET AL.
have proposed rights such as the right to have legible orders, correct drug dispensing, timely access to information, procedures in place to
support medication administration, and problems
addressed in the medication administration
system
COOK ET AL.
WHAT ARE THE FACTORS AFFECTING ABSORPTON?
- pH
Blood perfusion
Surface Area of the Intestine
Motility
WHAT ARE THE FACTORS AFFECTING DISTRIBUTION?
- Blood Flow
Capillary permeability
Protein binding
Solubility
WHAT ARE THE FACTORS AFFECTING METABOLISM?
LIVER & KIDNEYS
