Important Info 1.9 Flashcards by Pickle Rick

Moderate chronic periodontitis would have how much attachment loss
a. 1-2 mm
b. 3-4 mm
c. 5-6 mm
d. >7 mm

b. 3-4 mm moderate

1-2 mm = mild

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Aggressive periodontitis can be classified as mild, moderate or severe.
a. True
b. False

b. False only localized/generalized

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All of the following are part of the periodontium except
a. Gingiva
b. PDL
c. Cementum
d. Alveolar mucosa

d. Alveolar mucosa

they are gingiva, PDL, cementum, alveolar process

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Question where you had to determine attached gingiva and are given keratinized gingiva and probing depth

(attached = keratinized – probing depth)

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Interdental gingiva (col) is non-keratinized.
a. True
b. False

a. True

Non-keratinized: sulcular epithelium, interdental gingiva, junctional epithelium
Keratinized: free gingiva, attached gingiva, oral epithelium

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Which of the following structure(s) makes up the tissue from the CEJ to the alveolar bone?
a. Junctional epithelium
b. Connective tissue
c. Sulcular epithelium

a. Junctional epithelium
b. Connective tissue

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Which of the following is keratinized epithelium?
a. Oral epithelium
b. Sulcular epithelium
c. Junctional epithelium

a. Oral epithelium

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What makes up Sharpey’s fibers?
a. Oxytalin
b. Transseptal
c. Gingival
d. Collagen

d. Collagen

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The shape of the alveolar process is dependent on all of the following except
a. Interdental distance
b. Tooth contours
c. Crown to root ratio
d. Root contours

c. Crown to root ratio

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Distance from CEJ to alveolar bone in a healthy adult is
a. 1.0 mm
b. 1.5 mm
c. 2.0 mm

c. 2.0 mm

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True/false

Fenestration is a lack of bone on the facial or lingual of the tooth resemble a “window”

True
Dehiscence: lack on bone on facial or lingual of tooth with interproximal bone

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Approximately how many dentate patients have periodontitis in the US?

50%

slides say 48%

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The inorganic components of plaque mainly are…

Calcium and phosphorus
sodium, potassium, fluoride

Organic: polysaccharides, proteins, glycoproteins, lipids

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The biological width is made up of

Junctional epithelium and connective tissue

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What is the CD4 count in HIV patients?

200

I don’t think we learned this

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What bacteria fits Socransky’s criteria?

AA and Pg

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Collagenase damages what?

Host tissues

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Healthy plaque is composed of

Gram positive, aerobic, indigenous flora

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Subgingival calculus can include all of the following except
a. Tooth attached
b. Unattached
c. Epithelial
d. Connective tissue

d. Connective tissue

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Plaque accumulates ____ from the patient’s diet.

Polysaccharides

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Successful colonization is dependent on all of the following except
a. Overcoming host defenses
b. Successful competition
c. Number of bacterial colonies
d. Nutritional relationships

c. Number of bacterial colonies

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AA is predominant in

Localized aggressive periodontitis

Pg is chronic periodontitis

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Established lesion has epithelial changes that include
a. PGE
b. IL-4
c. Complement activation
d. Tissue damage

c. Complement activation

kinda confused about this one…

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What is an initial lesion?

Acute inflammation, PMNs, increased GCF, pseudopocket

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What is an early lesion (4-7 days)?

T cell lesion, collagen loss up to 70%, MMPs, loss of gingival stippling

What is an establish lesion (2-3 weeks)?

B cell lesion, microuclerations (BOP), erythema, NO BONE LOSS

What is an advanced lesion?

bone loss, ruffled border, LPS, attachment loss

Which of the following is not pro-inflammatory? a. IL2 b. IL4 c. IL6 d. IL8

b. IL4

What activates B and T cells? a. IL6 b. IL-1 c. IL-8

test file doesn't have an answer... none of the above maybe??? IL6 - stimulates T and B cells (is that the same as activates?) yes- haley

AA’s primary virulence factor is

Leukotoxin

Pg’s primary virulence factor is

Collagenase

What is not a treatment for periodontitis a. Maintenance b. Root planning c. Antibiotics??? d. Prophylaxis???

test file did not have answer... not sure... d?

One of the goals of therapy is

Preventing recurrence

Innate immunity involves

PMNs

B cells become

plasma cells

Which of the following is not involved in diapedesis?

Aggregation

4-7 days after plaque you have

Early lesion

Most dominant risk factor

Smoking

Attachment of junctional epithelium is to the tooth by

Hemidesmisomes

Which one is an initial colonizer?

S. sanguis and A. viscosus ## Footnote slides say... Streptococcus spp. Hemophilus spp. Neisseria spp. Actinomyces spp. Veillonella spp.

Corncob formation involves Fn and

What bacteria is involved in pregnant patients?

Pi | prevotella intermedia

Which growth factor for epithelial and fibroblasts?

TGF

Which of the following is not a systemic inflammatory modifiers? a. Pregnancy b. HIV c. High BP d. Diabetes

c. High BP

Stippling is present in

40%

Inorganic prevalence of calculus

70%

Spouses have how much Pg and AA?

20-30%

Calculus is seen in radiographs how much of the time

50%

How much hydroxyapatite is in cementum

50% | 45-50%

Which are found in subgingival calculus? | Do not think learned this

Brushite and whitlockite | Supra: hydroxyapetitie and octacalcium phosphate

What makes calculus soft? | Do not think learned this

Brushite

What is the most common crystal in calculus?

Hydroxyapatite

PDL cells

Epi cells of Malassez

What is not a secondary colonizer?

A. viscosus | Secondary colonizers: Pi, Fn, Pg ## Footnote slides say... * Prevotella intermidia. * Capnocytophaga spp. * Fusobacterium nucleatum * Porphyromonas gingivalis

What is the most common bacteria in chronic perio?

Gram negative anaerobic

Role of calculus in periodontitis is all except a. Primary etiological factor b. Physical irritant c. Unmineralized layer of plaque d. Reservoir for bacteria

a. Primary etiological factor

Mode of calculus attachment is all of the following except a. Organic pellicle b. Microscopic irregularities in the cemental surface c. Cemental resorption bays d. Irregularities in the internal surface

d. Irregularities in the internal surface

How much calculus is mineralized in 48 hours?

50%

Generalized chronic periodontitis occurs when you have more than ___ surfaces involved

30%

Bacteria predominant in diabetes individuals | Don't think we learned this

Cigarrete smokers are ____ more likely than non-smokers to develop severe periodontitis | Don't know if we learned this

Diabetes causes all of the following except a. Increased chemotaxis b. Increased thickness of basement membrane c. Decreased PMN function d. Increased glucose in GCF

a. Increased chemotaxis | *dont think we learned this* -haley

Random burst model says

Cumulative destruction varies among sites ## Footnote Asynchronous multiple burst model: several sites of various activity and bursts ARE DUE TO RISK FACTORS

Order of periodontal lesions

initial -> early -> established -> advanced

All of the following are based on location except a. Gingival b. Sulcular c. Suprabony d. Infrabondy

b. Sulcular

Attachment loss question

(attachment loss = PD +/- GM – CEJ; PD is 4 mm, GM is 2 mm apical so 4+2=6)

The most common two wall defect is a | Don't know if we learned this

Crater

All of the following are signs of inflammation except a. Redness b. Heat c. Pain d. Loss of function e. Swelling f. Bleeding

f. Bleeding

What is found on mast cells

IgE

Chronic periodontitis has all of the symptoms except

Pain | Does have: CAL, inflammation, loss of bone

BOP is first seen in

Established lesion

Specific cytokines may have different biologic properties dependent on

Concentration, cells producing them, cells being attracted and acted upon, presence and extent of ECM

When do you see 70% of collagen loss

early lesion

Which of the following is not gingival fiber? a. Dentogingival b. Transseptal c. Circular d. Interradicular

d. Interradicular | PDL fibers: apical, oblique, horizontal, alveolar crest, interradicular

Largest group of PDL fibers are

oblique

What is the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis

Attachment loss

Sulcular epithelium does not have stratum corneum and

Stratum granulosum

PDL does not include what type of collagen?

type 2 | Has types 1, 3 and 4