Important Info 1.9 Flashcards
Moderate chronic periodontitis would have how much attachment loss
a. 1-2 mm
b. 3-4 mm
c. 5-6 mm
d. >7 mm
b. 3-4 mm moderate
1-2 mm = mild
Aggressive periodontitis can be classified as mild, moderate or severe.
a. True
b. False
b. False only localized/generalized
All of the following are part of the periodontium except
a. Gingiva
b. PDL
c. Cementum
d. Alveolar mucosa
d. Alveolar mucosa
they are gingiva, PDL, cementum, alveolar process
Question where you had to determine attached gingiva and are given keratinized gingiva and probing depth
(attached = keratinized – probing depth)
Interdental gingiva (col) is non-keratinized.
a. True
b. False
a. True
- Non-keratinized: sulcular epithelium, interdental gingiva, junctional epithelium
- Keratinized: free gingiva, attached gingiva, oral epithelium
Which of the following structure(s) makes up the tissue from the CEJ to the alveolar bone?
a. Junctional epithelium
b. Connective tissue
c. Sulcular epithelium
a. Junctional epithelium
b. Connective tissue
Which of the following is keratinized epithelium?
a. Oral epithelium
b. Sulcular epithelium
c. Junctional epithelium
a. Oral epithelium
What makes up Sharpey’s fibers?
a. Oxytalin
b. Transseptal
c. Gingival
d. Collagen
d. Collagen
The shape of the alveolar process is dependent on all of the following except
a. Interdental distance
b. Tooth contours
c. Crown to root ratio
d. Root contours
c. Crown to root ratio
Distance from CEJ to alveolar bone in a healthy adult is
a. 1.0 mm
b. 1.5 mm
c. 2.0 mm
c. 2.0 mm
True/false
Fenestration is a lack of bone on the facial or lingual of the tooth resemble a “window”
True
Dehiscence: lack on bone on facial or lingual of tooth with interproximal bone
Approximately how many dentate patients have periodontitis in the US?
50%
slides say 48%
The inorganic components of plaque mainly are…
Calcium and phosphorus
sodium, potassium, fluoride
Organic: polysaccharides, proteins, glycoproteins, lipids
The biological width is made up of
Junctional epithelium and connective tissue
What is the CD4 count in HIV patients?
200
I don’t think we learned this
What bacteria fits Socransky’s criteria?
AA and Pg
Collagenase damages what?
Host tissues
Healthy plaque is composed of
Gram positive, aerobic, indigenous flora
Subgingival calculus can include all of the following except
a. Tooth attached
b. Unattached
c. Epithelial
d. Connective tissue
d. Connective tissue
Plaque accumulates ____ from the patient’s diet.
Polysaccharides
Successful colonization is dependent on all of the following except
a. Overcoming host defenses
b. Successful competition
c. Number of bacterial colonies
d. Nutritional relationships
c. Number of bacterial colonies
AA is predominant in
Localized aggressive periodontitis
Pg is chronic periodontitis
Established lesion has epithelial changes that include
a. PGE
b. IL-4
c. Complement activation
d. Tissue damage
c. Complement activation
kinda confused about this one…
What is an initial lesion?
Acute inflammation, PMNs, increased GCF, pseudopocket
What is an early lesion (4-7 days)?
T cell lesion, collagen loss up to 70%, MMPs, loss of gingival stippling
What is an establish lesion (2-3 weeks)?
B cell lesion, microuclerations (BOP), erythema, NO BONE LOSS
What is an advanced lesion?
bone loss, ruffled border, LPS, attachment loss
Which of the following is not pro-inflammatory?
a. IL2
b. IL4
c. IL6
d. IL8
b. IL4
What activates B and T cells?
a. IL6
b. IL-1
c. IL-8
test file doesn’t have an answer…
none of the above maybe???
IL6 - stimulates T and B cells (is that the same as activates?) yes- haley
AA’s primary virulence factor is
Leukotoxin
Pg’s primary virulence factor is
Collagenase
What is not a treatment for periodontitis
a. Maintenance
b. Root planning
c. Antibiotics???
d. Prophylaxis???
test file did not have answer…
not sure…
d?
One of the goals of therapy is
Preventing recurrence
Innate immunity involves
PMNs
B cells become
plasma cells
Which of the following is not involved in diapedesis?
Aggregation
4-7 days after plaque you have
Early lesion
Most dominant risk factor
Smoking
Attachment of junctional epithelium is to the tooth by
Hemidesmisomes
Which one is an initial colonizer?
S. sanguis and A. viscosus
slides say…
Streptococcus spp.
Hemophilus spp.
Neisseria spp.
Actinomyces spp.
Veillonella spp.
Corncob formation involves Fn and
Pg
What bacteria is involved in pregnant patients?
Pi
prevotella intermedia
Which growth factor for epithelial and fibroblasts?
TGF
Which of the following is not a systemic inflammatory modifiers?
a. Pregnancy
b. HIV
c. High BP
d. Diabetes
c. High BP
Stippling is present in
40%
Inorganic prevalence of calculus
70%
Spouses have how much Pg and AA?
20-30%
Calculus is seen in radiographs how much of the time
50%
How much hydroxyapatite is in cementum
50%
45-50%
Which are found in subgingival calculus?
Do not think learned this
Brushite and whitlockite
Supra: hydroxyapetitie and octacalcium phosphate
What makes calculus soft?
Do not think learned this
Brushite
What is the most common crystal in calculus?
Hydroxyapatite
PDL cells
Epi cells of Malassez
What is not a secondary colonizer?
A. viscosus
Secondary colonizers: Pi, Fn, Pg
slides say…
* Prevotella intermidia.
* Capnocytophaga spp.
* Fusobacterium nucleatum
* Porphyromonas gingivalis
What is the most common bacteria in chronic perio?
Gram negative anaerobic
Role of calculus in periodontitis is all except
a. Primary etiological factor
b. Physical irritant
c. Unmineralized layer of plaque
d. Reservoir for bacteria
a. Primary etiological factor
Mode of calculus attachment is all of the following except
a. Organic pellicle
b. Microscopic irregularities in the cemental surface
c. Cemental resorption bays
d. Irregularities in the internal surface
d. Irregularities in the internal surface
How much calculus is mineralized in 48 hours?
50%
Generalized chronic periodontitis occurs when you have more than ___ surfaces
involved
30%
Bacteria predominant in diabetes individuals
Don’t think we learned this
Pg
Cigarrete smokers are ____ more likely than non-smokers to develop severe
periodontitis
Don’t know if we learned this
5x
Diabetes causes all of the following except
a. Increased chemotaxis
b. Increased thickness of basement membrane
c. Decreased PMN function
d. Increased glucose in GCF
a. Increased chemotaxis
dont think we learned this -haley
Random burst model says
Cumulative destruction varies among sites
Asynchronous multiple burst model: several sites of various activity and bursts ARE DUE TO RISK FACTORS
Order of periodontal lesions
initial -> early -> established -> advanced
All of the following are based on location except
a. Gingival
b. Sulcular
c. Suprabony
d. Infrabondy
b. Sulcular
Attachment loss question
(attachment loss = PD +/- GM – CEJ; PD is 4 mm, GM is 2 mm apical so 4+2=6)
The most common two wall defect is a
Don’t know if we learned this
Crater
All of the following are signs of inflammation except
a. Redness
b. Heat
c. Pain
d. Loss of function
e. Swelling
f. Bleeding
f. Bleeding
What is found on mast cells
IgE
Chronic periodontitis has all of the symptoms except
Pain
Does have: CAL, inflammation, loss of bone
BOP is first seen in
Established lesion
Specific cytokines may have different biologic properties dependent on
Concentration, cells producing them, cells being attracted and acted upon, presence and extent of ECM
When do you see 70% of collagen loss
early lesion
Which of the following is not gingival fiber?
a. Dentogingival
b. Transseptal
c. Circular
d. Interradicular
d. Interradicular
PDL fibers: apical, oblique, horizontal, alveolar crest, interradicular
Largest group of PDL fibers are
oblique
What is the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis
Attachment loss
Sulcular epithelium does not have stratum corneum and
Stratum granulosum
PDL does not include what type of collagen?
type 2
Has types 1, 3 and 4
