Important Figures and Places - Ancient Greece

Question 1

Sparta

Answer 1

A powerful Greek city-state known for its militaristic society and emphasis on discipline and strength.

Question 2

Athens

Answer 2

A prominent Greek city-state known for its democratic government, contributions to philosophy, literature, and arts, and its role in the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars.

Question 3

Persia

Answer 3

A vast empire located east of Greece that clashed with the Greeks in the Persian Wars.

Question 4

Cyrus the Great

Answer 4

A Persian king who expanded the Persian Empire and conquered much of Asia Minor and Southwest Asia.

Question 5

Darius I

Answer 5

A Persian king who continued the expansion of the Persian Empire and initiated the Persian Wars against the Greeks.

Question 6

Delian League

Answer 6

An alliance of Greek city-states formed to counter the threat of the Persian Empire, led by Athens.

Question 7

Pythagoras

Answer 7

A Greek philosopher and mathematician known for the Pythagorean theorem and his contributions to mathematics and music theory.

Question 8

Eratosthenes

Answer 8

A Greek mathematician, geographer, and astronomer who made significant contributions to the fields, including calculating the circumference of the Earth.

Question 9

Hippocrates

Answer 9

A Greek physician known as the “Father of Medicine,” who revolutionized the practice of medicine and established ethical standards for physicians.

Question 10

Pericles

Answer 10

A prominent Athenian statesman and general who led Athens during its Golden Age and played a key role in rebuilding the city after the Persian Wars.

Question 11

Peloponnesian League

Answer 11

An alliance of Greek city-states, led by Sparta, that opposed the Athenian Empire and engaged in the Peloponnesian War.

Question 12

Socrates

Answer 12

An Athenian philosopher known for his Socratic method of questioning and his contributions to ethics and epistemology.

Question 13

Plato

Answer 13

A Greek philosopher and student of Socrates who founded the Academy and wrote extensively on metaphysics, ethics, and politics.

Question 14

Aristotle

Answer 14

A Greek philosopher and student of Plato who made significant contributions to logic, physics, metaphysics, ethics, and politics.

Question 15

Alcibiades

Answer 15

An Athenian statesman and general who played a controversial role in the Peloponnesian War, switching sides between Athens and Sparta.

Question 16

Alexander the Great

Answer 16

A Macedonian king who conquered the Persian Empire and spread Greek culture throughout the Mediterranean world.

Question 17

Macedon/Macedonia

Answer 17

A kingdom located north of Greece, homeland of Alexander the Great, which rose to prominence under King Philip II and played a significant role in Greek history.