important events Flashcards
John browns raid
on harper’s ferry (1859)
John brown, a radical abolitionist, organized a raid on a federal armory in Harpers Ferry, Virginia
*capture was a success (killed 1 soldier in the process) until they let a train leave & they told the next station. Brown was found guilty of treason and hanged a month later
bleeding kansas (1854- 1859)
*a violent spies of fights over the debate of slavery in the proposed state of Kansas
*spawned over the Kansas-nebraska act
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Kansas Nebraska act (of 1854)
*slavery decided by popular sovereignty
*northerners move to Kansas to secure it as a free territory
*pro slavery groups from Missouri were sent over to Kansas to vote for their pro-slavery representative (threatened, hanged, shot oppositions)
*2 rival governments, both heavily armed
Missouri compromise (1820)
admitted Missouri as a free state & Maine as a slave state
outlawed slavery above the 36 30 latitude line in the rest of the Louisiana territory
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
*the U.S purchased 828,000 sq. miles pf land West of the Mississippi River
*bought for 15 million $
*From France
annexation of texas (1845)
Texas was admitted to the United States as a slave state in 1845 after American settlers entered the Mexican territory and named it the “Republic of Texas” and claimed it as its own country for 9 years
Dred Scott case (1857)
*court ruled that slaves were not citizen of the United States- so, they could not expect any protection from the court legally
* Dred Scott and his wife sued pr their freedom, claiming that they were free due to their residence in a free territory where slavery was prohibited
*Black people cannot sue
battle of Gettysburg (1863)
*union vs. confederate battle
*union won
*described as the turning point of the war
*marked as the battle with the highest casualties
triangular trade (16th- 19th century)
*a trade between West Africa, the Americas, and England
*slaves from Africa were shipped to the Americas, sugar/ tobacco/ cotton were shipped to Europe, and then textiles/ rum/ manufactured goods back to Africa
Boston Tea Party (1773)
*political protest against “taxation without representation”
*dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor
the Boston Massacre (1770)
*a deadly riot between Americans and began with a single british soldier
*the mob threw snowballs, sticks, and stones
*a groups of 9 soldiers and 5 citizens
*1 soldier fired, prompting others to
*3 civilians died instantly, 8 were wounded- 2 of which later died of injury
battles of Lexington and concord (1775)
- first battle of the American revolution
- Massachusetts colonists defied british authority
*British soldiers marched into Lexington and Concord in order to seize colonist weapons
*British were worried of the possibility of a rebellion
lewis and clark expedition (1804)
*mapped uncharted land, rivers, trade routes, and mountains
*Purpose was to explore the newly acquired territory from the Louisiana purchase
*Mississippi River - west coast and back
*also resulted in numerous Native American councils promising to trade with them
French and indian war (1754)
- “Seven Years’ War”
*Britain victory
*French were allied with Native American troops against the British
*the expenses of this war was the start of the taxes imposed on colonists in America
the indian removal act (1830)
*signed by president Andrew Jackson
*stated fro native Americans to leave their land
*some went peacefully, others were forcefully removed (the trail of tears)
*wanted native american lands for settlers
the battle of Little Bighorn (1876)
*widely considered a victory for native Americans
*tensions firat rose when gold was discovered on Native American lands
*Custer’s forces were overwhelmingly outnumbered by the surprise attack
*this became known as “Custer’s Last Stand”
*the tribes of the Lakota Sioux, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho joined forces for this battle
wounded knee massacre (1890)
*the slaughter of approx. 150-300 Lakota Indians by U.S troops in Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota
*Marked the definitive end of Native American resistance to the approachment of white settlers
trail of tears (1831)
*the ethnic cleansing & forced displacement of Native American tribes
*approx. 60,000 people were forcefully removed and put into arranged reservations throughout the Southwest
*tribes / families were broken up
*they were exposed to disease, starvation, mistreatment by soldiers, etc
*mass burials of Native Americans // no burials (thrown on the side of the trails)
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Treaty of New Echota (1835)
*gave Cherokee 2 years before forcefully removed from their land
*treaty was opposed to by most of the tribe, only a small portion actually signed it on the behalf of the rest of them
