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Pharma PREP A > Important Drug Toxicities > Flashcards

Important Drug Toxicities Flashcards

1
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis:

A
  • Cyclophosamide
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2
Q

Alopecia:

A
  • Steroids

- Heparin

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3
Q

Alopecia def:

A

Alopecia simply means hair loss (baldness).

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4
Q

Coronary spasm:

A

Cocaine

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5
Q

Tradive dyskinesia:

A

Antipsychotics*

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5
Q

Cough:

A

ACE inhibitors

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6
Q

Fanconi syndrome:

A

Expired tetracycline**

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7
Q

Atropine-like side effects:

A

TCA (tricyclic antidepressants)

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8
Q

Grey baby syndrome:

A

Chloramphenicol

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9
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis:

A
  • Clindamycin*
  • Ampicillin*
  • Cephalosporins
  • FLQ (fluoroquinolones)
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10
Q

Pulmonary infiltrate:

A

Bromocriptine

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11
Q

Kidney stones:

A
  • Lamotrigine
  • Zonisande
  • Indanavir
  • Topiramate
  • Acetazolamide
  • Vit. D
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11
Q

Neuro- and nephropathy:

A
  • Polymyxin*
  • Cyclosporine
  • FLQ (fluoroquinolones)
  • Tacrolimus
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12
Q

Gingival hyperplasia:

A
  • Phenytoin*
  • Cyclosporine
  • CCB
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13
Q

Diabetes insipidus:

A
  • Lithium*
  • Phenytoin
  • Foscarnet
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14
Q

Extrapyramydial side effects:

A

Typical anipsychotics*:

  • Chlorpromazine*
  • Thioridazine*
  • Haloperidol*
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15
Q

Extrapyramidal side effects:

A
  • Traditional antipsychotics

- Metyrosine

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16
Q

Pancreatitis:

A
  • GCS (Glucocortico steroids)
  • Asparaginase
  • Didanosine
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17
Q

Osteoporosis:

A
  • Cotricosteroids*
  • Heparin*
  • Phenytoin
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18
Q

Peripheral neuropathy:

A
  • Vincristine
  • Vinblastine
  • Docetaxel
  • Pacitaxel
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19
Q

Hyperuricemia:

A
  • Aspirin
  • Thiazide
  • Pyrazinamide
  • Ethambutol
  • Clofibrate
  • Niacin
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21
Q

Optic neuritis:

A
  • Ethambutol

- Amiodarone

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22
Q

Peripheral neuritis:

A

Isoniazid

* add pyridoxine “vit.B6” to reverse this problem

23
Q

Hyperlipidemia:

A
  • Thiazides

- β-blockers

24
Q

Rhabdomyolysis:

A

Statins

* mannitol is used to treat it

25
Q

Torsades de pointes:

A
  • Class III and Class IA anti-arrhythmics
    • Class III (Sotalol, rare with Amiodarone)
    • Class IA (Quinidine)
26
Q

Drug-induced parkinsonism:

A
  • Haloperidol*
  • Chlorpromazine*
  • Reserpine*
  • MPTP*
27
Q

Otoxicity and nephrotoxicity:

A
  • Aminoglycosides*
  • Loop diuretics (fursemide)*
  • Cisplatin*
  • Vancomycin (older preparations)
29
Q

Disulfiram-like-reaction:

A
  • Metronidazole*
  • Certain cephalosporin (cefotetan/cefoperazone)*
  • Procarbazine*
  • Sulfonylureas*
30
Q

Hypertrichosis:

A
  • Hydralazine
  • Minoxidil
  • Aspirin
  • Phenytoin
31
Q

Tendonitis, tendon rupture and cartilage damage:

A

Fluoroquinolones

32
Q

Drug-induced megaloblastic anemia:

A
  • Lithium
  • Pheytoin
  • Nitrous oxide
  • Purine synthesis anagonists (6-mercaptourine)
  • Primidone (antieleptic)
  • Valproic acid
  • Ziduvodine
  • Pyrazinamide
  • Orlistat
  • Sulfonamide
  • Trimethoprim/pyrimethamine
33
Q

Stevens-Johnson syndrome:

A
  • Ethosuximide*
  • Sulfonamide*
  • Lamotrigine*
  • Phenobarbital
  • Carbamazepine
  • Zoniasmide
34
Q

Agranulocytosis:

A
  • Clozapine*
  • Carbamazepine*
  • Colchicine*
  • Ticlopidine
  • Sulfonylurease (rare)
  • Sulfonamide (rare)
  • Thiamides (propylthiouracil, methimazole) pheylbutazone
35
Q

Cardiotoxicity:

A
  • Doxorubicin
  • Daunrubicine
  • Interferone
  • TCA (ventricular dysthmias)
  • Halothene
  • Enlurane
  • Trastuzumab
36
Q

Redish brownish skin:

A

Clofizimine

37
Q

Redish color of the urine:

A
  • Rifampin

- Doxorubicin/Daunrubicine

38
Q

Blue skin:

A

Amiodarone

39
Q

Brown urine:

A
  • Levodopa

- Nitrofurantoin

40
Q

Thyroid dysfunction:

A
  • Amiodarone (hypo/hyper)
  • Interferon
  • Lithium (hypothyroidism)
41
Q

Cutaneous flushing:

A
  • Niacin*
  • Calcium channel blockers*
  • Adenosine*
  • Vancomycin (red man syndrome)*
  • Caspofungin
42
Q

Corneal micro deposits:

A

Amiodarone

43
Q

Hot flashes:

A
  • Tamoxifen*
  • Nitrite
  • Androgen blockers (-lutamides)
  • GnRH analogs
  • Aromatase inhibitors (letrozole, exemstane)
44
Q

Tubulointerstitial nephritis:

A
  • Sulfonamide*
  • Furosemide*
  • Methicillin*
  • Rifampin*
  • NSAIDs (except for aspirin)*
45
Q

OCP =

A

Oral contraceptive pill

46
Q

Photosensitivity:

A
  • Sulfonamides*
  • Amiodarone*
  • Tetracyclines*
    (SAT for a photo)
  • FLQ*
47
Q

Adrenocortical insufficiency:

A

Withdrawal from glucocorticosteroids (HPA suppression)

48
Q

Thrombotic complications:

A
  • OCP (estrogen and progestin)
    • Tamoxifen
    • Raloxifen
49
Q

Hemolysis in G6PD deficient patients:

A
  • Sulfonamides*
  • INH*
  • Aspirin*
  • Ibuprofen*
  • Primaquine*
  • Nitrofurantoin*
  • Pyrimethamine*
  • Chloramphenicol*
50
Q

SLE-like syndrome:

SLE=Systemic lupus erythematosus

A
  • Hydralazine*
  • Isoniazid*
  • Procainamide*
  • Phenytoin*
    (it is not HIPP to have lupus)
  • Methyldopa
51
Q

Focal to massive hepatic necrosis:

A
  • Acetaminophen*
  • Amanita phalloides*
  • Amiodarone
  • Nefazodone
  • Tacrine
  • Flebamate
  • 6-mercaptupurine
  • 6-Thioguanine
  • Tolcapone (not entacapone)
  • Niacin
  • Rosiglitazone
  • Picglitazone
  • Troglitazone
  • Decarbazine
  • MTX
  • Anaphylaxis-Penicillin(?)
52
Q

Hepatitis:

A
  • Isoniazid*
  • Halothane*
  • Sulfasalazine
  • Flutamide
  • Bicalutamide
  • Methyl Dopa
  • Oral androgens
  • Naltrexone
  • Propylthiouracil
53
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis:

A
  • Bleomycin*
  • Amiodarone*
  • Busulfan*
  • Nitrofurantoin
  • Melphalan
  • Tocainamide (rare)
  • Lomustine
54
Q

Aplastic anemia:

A
  • Chloramphenicol*
  • Benzene*
  • NSAIDs*
  • Mexiletine
  • Tocainide
  • Thioamide
  • Vinblastine
  • Carbamazepine
  • Ethosuxamide
  • Sulfonylurease (rare)
  • Phenylbutazone
  • Pencillamin
  • Gold salts
  • Colchicine
  • Cispride
55
Q

Gynecomastia:

A
  • Spironolactone
  • Digitalis
  • Cimetidine
  • Chronic alcohol use
  • Morphene
  • Traditional antipsychotics
  • Estrogen
  • Ketoconazole
  • Methyl dopa

Pharma PREP A (2 decks)

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