important concepts Flashcards
migraine mechanism of action and drug of choice
activation of calcitonin-gene related peptide(CCGRP).
treat with triptans (sumatotriptan). which inbites CCGR[
systolic murmur that increases when you stand up
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
drugs to avoid in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
diuretics and vasodilators
complication of CREST syndrome
Interstitial lung disease
Radiation pneumonitis
type of pulmonary fibrosis and its due to free radical formation. the atelectasis that is formed is due to contraction
Round ligament
Is a remnant of the gubernaculum.
extends from where the fallopian tube attaches to the uterus and extend to the labia majora.
Mitochondrial myopathy
red ragged muscle fibers on biopsy. which is made of mitochondrial crystalline.
mother gives to both sons and daughters but sons don’t transmit it to their offspring because the male sperms does not have mitochondrial in them.
stratification. in clinical trials
allocation of subjects into different groups using any other factors aside the treatment as your bases.
is basically forming subgroups.
IL-1
its also known as osteoclastic activator. it levels are increased in osteoporosis
CNS lymphoma
rapidly expanding mass in the brain in an HIV patient. usually associated with seizures. Is also an AIDs defining disease.
Reye syndrome
associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
patients with fatty acid metabolism difficulties have higher risk eg; acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
Benzo vs opioid withdrawal
in both cases there is tachycardia and high BP. but benzo has miosis whiles opioid has mydriasis
Leishmaniasis
sandfly bite.
amastigos in histocytes
Onchocerca
blackfly bite
also know as “river blindness”
subcutaneous nodules(used as biopsy for diagnosis)
depigmentation of the shin
lactase intolerance
low stool ph
high breath hydrogen content
high stool osmolarity
