Important Flashcards
Ecological systems theory
Shows the connection between an individual, the physical environment and the social environment. It shows how a disaster impacts all three aspects.
The children of Kauai
1/3 (200) children classified high risk. Of which had 2/3 problems at age 10/18. 1/3 showed resilience
Four waves of resilience
- Descriptive-> what questions, individual factors
- Processes-> how questions, variable focused model
- Interventions-> testing theories through interventions
- Dynamic processes-> integrating systems like genetics and sociology
Variable focused studies
empirical efforts to examine and statistically test patterns amount variables in groups of individuals with the goal of identifying what matters for resilience and how it works:
- main effects model
- mediation model
- moderation model
- risk activated model
Systems of the ecological system model:
Microsystems :smallest and most immediate environment in which children live.
Mesosystem : interaction of the different microsystems, linkages between home and school, between peer group and family, between family and community.
Exosystem : linkages between two or more settings.
Chronosystem : period of time
Developmental systems theory
A person’s development is affected by the complex interactions of several systems external to the individual, embedded in multiple ecological layers.
Bucharest Early Intervention Study
Abortion and contraception became illegal. Women were monthly examined of they had less than 5 children and payed celibacy tax.
Resilience
The capacity of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to disturbances that threaten system function, viability or development.
Why ordinary magic
It is normal to show resilience after adversity.
Project Competence Longitudinal Study (PCLS)
To understand the observable phenomenon of variation in the adaption of individuals at risk for maladaptation.
Competence
A pattern of effective performance in the environment, evaluated from the perspective of salient developmental tasks.
McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (No Child Left Behind)
A law that gave homeless children free and appropriate education. Provided funding to states to assist the needs of these children.
Externalizing behavior problems
Problems that are observable.
Cognitive control processes (or EF)
Integrative neurocognitive processes that develop over time, most notably on prefrontal processes in the brain. Working memory, cognitive flexibility and effortful or inhibitory control.
Five minute speech sample method
Parents talk about their child for 5 minutes. When they talked more positive about their child, showed more effective and positive parenting behaviour.
Digital resilience
An individual understands when they are at risk online and can make informed decisions about the digital space they are in.
Development window of opportunity
Exposure to a particular environment programs the organism for adaptation in the environment.
Developmental timing
Brain plasticity in relation to injury.
Allostasis
Adaptive processes that help regulate homeostasis.
Allostatic load
Allostasis in the service of maintaining essential aspects of homeostasis can take toll on the body, a kind of cumulative wear and tear.
Autonomic sympathetic adrenomedullaru (SAM) system
Rapid preparation of the body for flight or fight through the effects of circulating epinephrine.
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system
A slower acting system associated with production and regulation of glucocorticoids, hormones that influence gene transcription at receptor sites in cells in the human brain and body.
Social buffering
A phenomenon in which the presence and availability of one or more social partners during times of threat reduces activity of stress-mediating physiological systems (including SAM and HPA).
Social support
The expectation and actual occurrence of being nurtured, assisted, or being a part of a supportive social network.
Social buffering methods
The presence (actual or symbolic) of a social partner reduces stress perceptions, reactions, and responses, or helps to speed the return to baseline stress levels without altering the objective nature of the threat.
Reward system
System that gives motivating efforts to adapt and persist in the face of challenges.
Polygenic
The presence or absence of certain haplotypes may interact with other genes to facilitate resilient functioning after CM.
Effective families
Involved, responsive, open, and flexible; connected to the community; active in problem solving; and providing age-appropriate autonomy to their children.
Circumplex model
Focusing on family cohesion, flexibility, and communication with good function somewhere in the middle.
Immigrant paradox
The first-generation immigrant youth may be more successful or healthier than later born generations.
Five M’s
Mission
Models
Measures
Methods
Multilevel/multidisciplinary approaches.
