Importance of sleep Flashcards
Theories of the function of sleep
Define evolutionary (circadian) theory 🦁
The evolutionary theory suggest that sleep is a means of survival for all organisms. Sleep protects the sleeper from harm or death through the minimisation of potential harm we may face in dark & unfamiliar environments
Theories of the function of sleep
Identify the strength 👁😄and limitations (2)💊🔢 of the Restoration Theory
Strength -
Addresses our need for sleep and identifies that there are features of both REM and NREM sleep that enhance our psychological and physiological functioning
Weaknesses -
Does not account for the benefit of sleep for mental health
Limited empirical data to support it
Theories of the function of sleep
Identify strengths (2) 🗣, 🌇🌆and limitations(3)🧘♀️, 💊🔢 of the Evolutionary Theory
Strengths -
Provides an explanation for the purpose of a circadian sleep wake cycle
Explains why our sleep wake cycle is governed by light and over a 24hr cycle
Weaknesses -
No reference to what actually happens when we are sleeping that is beneficial to the body or mind
Does not account for the benefit of sleep for mental health
Limited empirical data to support it
Sleep across the lifespan
What is the approximate required duration of sleep and proportion of REM to NREM sleep for
-Newborns
Newborns (1-15days old):
-Sleep approximately 16 hours a day (broken)
REM- approx 50%
NREM- approx 50%
Sleep across the lifespan
What is the approximate required duration of sleep and proportion of REM to NREM sleep for
-Children
Childhood (2-14 years):
- Sleep duration decreases to approx 11 hours
REM approx 20%
NREM approx 80%
Sleep across the lifespan
What is the approximate required duration of sleep and proportion of REM to NREM sleep for
-Adults (aged 18-30yrs)
Adulthood (18-30yrs):
-Sleep decreases to approx 7.75hrs
REM- approx 20%
NREM- approx 80%
Affect of artificial light (Zeitgebeir)
Can interrupt melatonin release- thus keeping people awake and modifying their sleep-wake cycle.
Stages of sleep
Two types of sleep cycles
Non-rapid eye movement (NREM)
How long is typically one cycle of NREM sleep
70-90 minutes
Stages of sleep
Two types of sleep cycles
Define Rapid eye movement (REM)
Is a period of sleep where your eyes move rapidly for short burst of time and there is a lose of muscle tone in the body
Stages of sleep
Two types of sleep cycles
Non-rapid eye movement (NREM)
How long is typically one cycle of NREM sleep
70-90 minutes, aprox 80% of our sleep time in NREM
Stages of sleep
As the night progresses the amount of time spend in NREM _______, and our REM sleep ________
decreases, increases
Stages of sleep
NREM sleep is typically associated with…..🧠🦾
physical restoration of the brain and bodies resources (muscle cell repair, growth of new brain cells)
Stages of sleep
What occurs as the night progresses
As the night progresses the amount of time spend in NREM decreases, and our REM sleep increases
Stages of sleep
Purpose of NREM sleep
NREM sleep is typically associated with physical restoration of the brain and bodies resources (muscle cell repair, growth of new brain cells)
Stages of sleep
Changes in body in REM sleep
Body appears calm on the exertion but other bodily systems and brain are highly active ie fluctuations in heart ate, breathing rate and blood pressure
Stages of sleep
Characteristics of REM⏰💭
REM is a lighter sleep then stages 3 and 4 NREM (easily awoken), also spend roughly 2 hours dreaming -vivid dreaming occur in REM sleep
Stages of sleep
Stage 1 NREM, why it is known as the hypnotic state
Transition from being awake to falling asleep
Characteristics by, the sleeper seeing hallucinatory images and the sleeper experiencing involuntary muscle movements (Hypnotic jerks)
Stages of sleep
Stage 1 NREM
-Time spend
-Bodily changes -
-
-
-
- 5 to 10 min
- Easily awoken, muscles relax, heart and breathing rate decreases, eyes roll slowly
Stages of sleep
Stage 2 NREM ('true sleep')
-Time spend
-Bodily changes -
-
-
- 50% of total sleep (20 min)
- Eyes stop rolling, muscles relax, heart and breathing rate decreases (easily awoken)
Stages of sleep
Stage 2 NREM (‘true sleep’)
Characteristics🧠
By presence of sleep spindles (short rapid burst of brain activity) and k-complexes (sudden high amp waves)
Stages of sleep
Stage 3 NREM ('moderately deep sleep')
-Time spend
-Bodily changes -
-
-
- 10 min
- Heart and breathing rate continues to decrease, body temp drops, eyes dont move
Stages of sleep
Stage 3 NREM (‘moderately deep sleep’)
Characteristics
Less likely to wake, if awoken they may feel groggy and disorientated.
Stages of sleep
Stage 4 NREM (deepest stage)
- Time spend
- Sleep phenomena…
- 30 min (prob been asleep for an hour)
- Such as sleep walking, night terrors, sleep talking, and bed wetting
Stages of sleep
Stage 4 NREM (deepest stage)
Characteristics⏰
Still sensitive to certain stimulus (alarm), we quickly cycle back through the stages, if someone is awoken they will feel disorientated and have low recall of sleep events.
Theories of the function of sleep
Define restoration theory🏃♀️
The restoration theory suggest that we sleep in order to recover from physical and mental depleting activities during the day. Sleep replenishes energy and allow any damaged cells to be repaired.
Sleep across the lifespan
What is the approximate required duration of sleep and proportion of REM to NREM sleep for
-Infants
Infants (3-24 months):
-Sleep duration decreases to approx 13.5 hours (broken)
REM- approx 35%
NREM- approx 65%
Sleep across the lifespan
What is the approximate required duration of sleep and proportion of REM to NREM sleep for
-Adolenscence
Adolescence (14-18yrs):
-Sleep decreases to approx 8.5hrs
REM- approx 20%
NREM- approx 80%
Sleep across the lifespan
What is the approximate required duration of sleep and proportion of REM to NREM sleep for
-Adults (aged 30-75yrs)
Adulthood (30-75yrs):
-Sleep duration decreases to approx 6hrs
REM- approx 20%
NREM- approx 80%
