Importance of ATP - Finished Flashcards
What is ATP also known as?
Adenosine Triphosphate
What is ATP made up of?
Pentose Sugar - Ribose
Nitrogenous base - Adenine
3 phosphate groups
How much energy is needed to combine ADP + Pi to become ATP?
30KJ per mol-1 is required
ENDERGONIC
What enzyme catalyses the formation of ATP?
ATPsynthetase
How much energy is released when ATP is broken down?
30KJ per mol-1 is given off
EXERGONIC
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of ATP?
ATPase
How is ATP formed?
Adenosine (adenine and ribose) and 2 phosphate groups join with another phosphate groups by a condensation reaction
Why is ATP important?
It is an energy carrier - it picks up energy from glucose in respiration and passes it on to help power cell processes
What is the energy from ATP breakdown used in?
Active transport
Contraction of muscles
Transition of nerve impulses
Synthesis of large complex organic molecules such as polypeptides
Why is ATP called the “Universal energy currency/carrier in living organisms”?
It supplies energy for all energy requiring reactions in all types of cells?
After ATP is made in a cell where can it be used?
Can only be used in the cell in which it is made
Give 4 advantages of ATP over glucose as a source of energy?
- It’s breakdown (hydrolysis) involves just 1 reaction that releases immediate energy
- Energy is released from it in usable amounts when and where it is needed
- Only one enzyme is needed to release the energy from ATP (ATPase)
- It provides a link between energy providing and energy requiring reactions in a cell - therefore improving cell efficiency
Where is ATP produced in the Mitochondria and Chloroplasts?
Mitochondria - Internal membrane - Between Inter-membrane space and matrix
Chloroplasts - Thylakoid membrane separates the thylakoid lumen from the stroma
