Implantation And Second Week Of Development

Question 1

What are the 3 layers of the endometrium

Answer 1

Endometrium- mucosa lining the inside wall
Myometrium- thick layer of smooth muscle
Perimeteium- peritoneal covering lining the outside wall

Question 2

The endometrium undergoes 3 phases
What are they

Answer 2

Follicular/Proliferative phase
Secretory/Progestational phase
Menstrual phase

Question 3

The proliferative phase coincides with

Answer 3

The growth of ovarian follicles

Question 4

The proliferative phase occurs under the influence of

Answer 4

Estrogen

Question 5

The secretory phase begins how many days after ovulation

Answer 5

2-3 days

Question 6

The secretory phase occurs in response to which hormone

Answer 6

Progesterone

Question 7

The progesterone is produced by

Answer 7

The corpus luteum

Question 8

If fertilization occurs endometrium assists in the formation of

Answer 8

Placenta

Question 9

What takes over the role of hormone production after fertilization

Answer 9

Placenta

Question 10

What are the 3 layers of the endometrium

Answer 10

Superficial compact layer
Intermediate spongy layer
Thin basal layer

Question 11

Implantation occurs how many days after ovulation

Answer 11

6-10

Question 12

What prevents the blastocyst from sticking to the wall of uterus

Answer 12

Zona pellucida

Question 13

The trophoblast undergo mitosis and form new cells that lose their membrane and form a mass of cells called

Answer 13

Syncytiotrophpblast

Question 14

Normal site of implantation of the blastocyst

Answer 14

Upper part of the posterior wall of the uterine cavity

Question 15

Abnormal site of implantation within the uterus

Answer 15

Lower uterine segment near the internal os

Question 16

Abnormal site of implantation outside the uterus

Answer 16

In the uterine tube
In the abdominal cavity
In the ovary

Question 17

The trophoblast is differentiated into 2 layers called

Answer 17

Cytotrophpblast
Syncytiotrophoblast

Question 18

Cells of the embryo differentiate into 2 layers called

Answer 18

-A layer of cuboidal cells adjacent to blastocyst cavity called hypoblast
- A layer of high columnar cells adjacent to the amniotic cavity called epiblast layer

Question 19

A small cavity appears within the epiblast and enlarges to become

Answer 19

The amniotic cavity

Question 20

Epiblast cells adjacent to cytotrophoblast are called

Answer 20

Amnioblasts

Question 21

The large tortuous glands secrete abundant

Answer 21

Glycogen and mucus

Question 22

The penetration defect in the surface epithelium of the endometrium is closed by

Answer 22

Fibrin Coagulum

Question 23

At the embryonic pole the flattened cells originating from the hypoblast forms thin membrane called

Answer 23

The exocoelomic /Henser membrane that lines the inner surface of the cytotrophoblast

Question 24

The exocoelomic membrane together with the hypoblast forms the

Answer 24

exocoelomic cavity/ primitive yolk sac

Question 25

The network formed by the lacunar spaces in the syncytium is particularly evident where

Answer 25

The embryonic pole

Question 26

At the abembryomic pole the trophoblast still consists of _________ cells

Answer 26

Cytotrophoblastic

Question 27

The maternal capillaries which are contested and dilated are known as

Answer 27

Sinusoids

Question 28

Some large cavities develop in the extra embryonic mesoderm and when these spaces become confluent they form

Answer 28

The extra embryonic/ chorionic cavity

Question 29

The amniotic cavity surrounds the primitive yolk sac and amniotic cavity except

Answer 29

Where the trophoblast is connected to the germinal disc by connective stalk

Question 30

The extraembryonic mesoderm lining the cytotrophoblast and amnion is called the

Answer 30

Extraembryonic somatopleuric mesoderm

Question 31

The extraembryonic mesoderm covering the yolk sac is called

Answer 31

Extraembryonic splanchnopleuric mesoderm

Question 32

What could cause a woman to see her period after she is already pregnant

Answer 32

Occasionally, there is bleeding near the site of implantation as a result of increased blood flow into the lacunar spaces. Because this blood flow coincides with the 28th day of the menstrual cycle, it may be confused for menstrual bleeding

Question 33

Cellular columns from the cytotrophoblast with surrounding syncytial covering are known as

Answer 33

Primary villi

Question 34

At day 13, The hypoblast produces additional cells that proliferate and form a new cavity within the exocoelomic cavity called

Answer 34

The secondary yolk sac or definitive yolk sac

Question 35

Large portions of exocoelomic cavity are pinched off and are found in the extraembryonic cavity as

Answer 35

Exocoelomic cysts

Question 36

At day 13, the extraembryonic mesoderm lining the inside of the cytotrophoblast is known as

Answer 36

The chorionic plate

Question 37

With development of blood vessels, the chorionic stalk becomes the umbilical cord

Question 38

Implantation outside the uterus results in an

Answer 38

Ectopic/Extrauterine pregnancy

Question 39

95% of ectopic pregnancies occur

Answer 39

In the uterine tube

Question 40

In the abdominal cavity, the blastocyst may also attach itself to the

Answer 40

Peritoneal covering of the rectouterine cavity or pouch of douglas

Question 41

Sometimes the blastocyst develops in the ovary proper resulting in

Answer 41

A primary ovarian pregnancy

Question 42

It is likely that most abnormal blastocysts would not have produced any sign of pregnancy because

Answer 42

Their trophoblast was so inferior that the corpus luteum could not have persisted

Question 43

What is an hydatidiform mole

Answer 43

It is a condition in which the trophoblast of an abnormal blastocyst develops and forms placental membranes with little to no embryonic tissue present

Question 44

Hydatidiform moles secrete high levels of hcG and may produce

Answer 44

Benign or Malignant tumors

Question 45

Hydatidiform moles arise from

Answer 45

Fertilization of an oocyte lacking a nucleus followed by duplication of the male chromosomes to restore the diploid number

Question 46

What is genomic imprinting

Answer 46

It is the phenomenon in which there is differential modification and/or expression of homologous alleles or chromosome regions depending on the parent from which the genetic material is derived