Implant Planning & Placement Flashcards
What is osseointegration?
a direct functional and structural connection between a load bearing dental implant and living (organised) bone
What are the two stages of osseointegration?
- primary osseointegration
- secondary osseointegration
What is primary osseointegration?
implant anchored in bone due to frictional forces provided between osteotomy and dental implant design features
- frictional fit
- bone damaged in process
What is secondary osseointegration?
prices of a functional connection between bone and a dental implant, living bone grows onto the surface of a dental implant
- bone healing and remodelling
- intimate integration
Why can titanium be used as a material for implants?
-bioinert material
Describe the process of healing after implant insertion.
- tips of screws engage
- granulation tissue formed in wound chamber
- days after insertion
- formed from blood clot
- immature woven bone formed
- weeks after insertion
- mature lamellar bone formed
- months after insertion
Compare the supra-crestal tissue of teeth and implants
- tooth
- more fibroblasts
- less collagen
- collagen fibres orientated perpendicular to root surface
- junctional epithelium
- implant
- more collagen
- less fibroblast s
- collagen fibres orientated parallel to implant crown
Compare the sub-crestal tissue of teeth and implants
- tooth
- tooth anchored to bone by periodontal complex
- bone
- PDL
- cementum
- viscoelastic junction of PDL
- capable of physiologic adaption
- resilient tissue attachment
- tooth anchored to bone by periodontal complex
-implant
- implant anchored to bone by direct functional contact
- no physiologic adaption present
- if implant placed in wrong location will not adapt
- rigid connection
- no PDL
- no proprioception
What are the different materials for dental implants?
- titanium (Ti)
- commercially pure type 4 titanium
- titanium dioxide layer on surface
- most common material used
- titanium zirconium (Ti-Zr)
- 85% Ti, 15% Zr
- increased strength compared to Ti
- can reduce diameter but maintain strength
- good for narrow sites (e.g. canine region)
- ceramic implant (Y-TZP)
- yittria stabilised zirconia
- non-metallic coloured
- thin tissue biotype/thin bone/superficial
- high survival rate
What length should an implant be?
- between 6-16mm
- 8-10mm most commonly used
To what length is stress applied to an implant?
- the coronal 3-4mm
What are the two main shapes of implants?
- tapered
- parallel sided
What are the two categories of implants?
- tissue level
- shiny collar
- bone level
- micro-rough surface
What are the measurements for different widths of implants
- narrow
- 3mm
- medium
- 4mm
- wide
- 5mm
