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Paediatrics > Impetigo > Flashcards

Impetigo Flashcards

1
Q

What is impetigo?

A

A localised, highly contagious, staphylococcal or streptococcal skin infection

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2
Q

Who is impetigo most common in?

A

Infants and young children

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3
Q

What can impetigo be divided into?

A

Bullous and non-bullous forms

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4
Q

Which type are the majority of impetigo cases?

A

Non-bullous

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5
Q

What are the common causative organisms of non-bullous impetigo?

A
  • Stahpylococcus aureus

- Streptococcus pyogenes

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6
Q

What is an increasingly common cause of non-bullous impetigo?

A

MRSA

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7
Q

What is bullous impetigo most commonly caused by?

A

Staph aureus

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8
Q

What are the risk factors for impetigo?

A
  • Pre-existing skin disease e.g. eczema
  • Poor hygiene
  • Breach in skin e.g. bites, trauma, chickenpox
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9
Q

How does non-bullous impetigo present?

A

Tiny pustules or vesicles that evolve rapidly into honey coloured plaques under 2cm in diameter

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10
Q

Where does non-bullous impetigo typically affect?

A

The face but also on extremities where skin breaks have occured

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11
Q

What may surround a non-bullous impetigo lesion?

A

Satellite lesions due to autoincoulation

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12
Q

What secondary symptoms may be present in non-bullous impetigo?

A
  • Itching

- Regional lymphadenopathy

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13
Q

How does bullous impetigo appear?

A

Thin roofed bullae that rupture spontaneously with little eryhtema

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14
Q

Where does bullous impetigo typically affect?

A

Face, trunk, extremities, buttocks or perineal regions

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15
Q

What secondary symptoms might present with bullous impetigo?

A
  • Painful

- Malaise

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16
Q

How is impetigo typically diagnosed?

A

Clinically

17
Q

When might swabs and cultures be necessary in impetigo?

A
  • Extensive or severe
  • MRSA suspected
  • Recurrent or not responding to treatment
18
Q

What are the differentials fo impetigo?

A
  • Contact dermatitis
  • Scabies
  • Various viral skin infections e.g. herpes, VZV
  • Atopic eczema
  • Burns
  • Stevens Johnson Syndrome
19
Q

What are the general advice measures in impetigo?

A
  • Stay off school until lesions are dry and scabbed
  • Keep area clean
  • Wash hands
  • Avoid sharing towels
20
Q

What medication can be helpful in some mild cases?

A

Topical antibiotics e.g. mupirocin

21
Q

When are oral antibiotics required?

A

In severe cases that are extensive or resistant to treatment

22
Q

Which type of impetigo usually requires oral antibiotics?

A

Bullous

23
Q

What are the potential complications of impetigo?

A
  • Cellulitis
  • Lymphangitis
  • Staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome
24
Q

What complications may arise if the causative organism is group A beta haemolytic streptococcus?

A
  • Scarlet fever

- Glomerulonephritis

Paediatrics (115 decks)

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