Imperialism & WWI

Question 1

What were the three key factors for imperialism?

Answer 1

1. European nations wanted more power
2. The Industrial Revolution created demand for raw materials and new markets
3. Europeans wanted to impose their ideas and cultures on other countries

These factors drove European expansion and colonization efforts in various regions.

Question 2

Who built trading posts in India and supported local rulers?

Answer 2

British traders from the East India Company

They established military and political control over India.

Question 3

What was the impact of the British East India Company on Indian agriculture?

Answer 3

Forced Indian farmers to grow cash crops like cotton instead of wheat, leading to food shortages

This caused millions to starve due to insufficient food production.

Question 4

What did Great Britain declare Egypt?

Answer 4

A British protectorate

This status granted local autonomy over most international affairs.

Question 5

Which countries took over Africa’s Atlantic coast?

Answer 5

Britain, France, and Germany

This led to significant territorial changes in Africa.

Question 6

What significant event occurred in the 1600s regarding Cape Town?

Answer 6

The Dutch founded Cape Town on the southwest coast of Africa

This marked an important European settlement in the region.

Question 7

What happened when the Zulu king rose up against the British?

Answer 7

The Zulu were defeated due to the superiority of British guns

This reflects the military disparities during colonial conflicts.

Question 8

What does the Monroe Doctrine state?

Answer 8

Tells European powers not to build new colonies in the US

This doctrine was a key aspect of US foreign policy in the Americas.

Question 9

What natural resources did the US acquire from Alaska?

Answer 9

Gold and oil

These resources contributed to the economic growth of the United States.

Question 10

How did Hawaii come under US control?

Answer 10

US settlers overthrew Queen Liliuokalani

This action provided the US with a strategic fueling station and naval port.

Question 11

What did the British do to increase trade with China?

Answer 11

Began selling opium, a highly addictive drug

This led to significant social and political consequences in China.

Question 12

What was the outcome of the Opium War?

Answer 12

China lost and was forced to give the island of Hong Kong to the British

This marked a significant loss of sovereignty for China.

Question 13

What are the three main causes of World War I?

Answer 13

1. Nationalism
2. Imperialism
3. Militarism

These factors contributed to the tensions leading to the war.

Question 14

What does nationalism refer to in the context of World War I?

Answer 14

Intense loyalty, especially among new world powers

This fueled competition and conflict among nations.

Question 15

What is militarism?

Answer 15

Fascination with the glory of war and the power of military

This ideology influenced many nations’ policies leading up to the war.

Question 16

What was the Balkan Crisis?

Answer 16

Rivares against nationalist groups on the Balkan Peninsula

The Balkan Crisis involved conflicts among various ethnic groups in the Balkans, often fueled by nationalism.

Question 17

What are alliances in the context of World War I?

Answer 17

Agreements among competition blocs nations to help each other if war broke out

Alliances were crucial in escalating tensions and mobilizing nations into war.

Question 18

What is an arms race?

Answer 18

Building huge armies and navies to outdo rival nations and protect world interest

The arms race contributed to the militarization that preceded World War I.

Question 19

Who was assassinated that triggered World War I?

Answer 19

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

His assassination in June 1914 was a key event that set off the chain of alliances leading to war.

Question 20

Which countries were part of the Central Powers?

Answer 20

• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Ottoman Empire
• Bulgaria

The Central Powers opposed the Allies during World War I.

Question 21

Which countries were part of the Allies?

Answer 21

• France
• Britain
• Serbia
• Russia
• Japan

The Allies were formed to counter the Central Powers in World War I.

Question 22

What was the Western Front?

Answer 22

The western front was a battleground between France and Germany

It was characterized by trench warfare and a stalemate for several years.

Question 23

What technology changed warfare on the Western Front?

Answer 23

• Machine guns
• Cannons that fire larger shells
• Poisonous gas

These advancements made the fighting more deadly and contributed to the high casualty rates.

Question 24

What was the Eastern Front?

Answer 24

Russia battled Germany and Austria-Hungary on the Eastern Front

The Eastern Front was significant as it diverted German resources from the Western Front.

Question 25

What was the impact of the British blockade on Germany?

Answer 25

Prevented goods from entering and leaving German ports ## Footnote The blockade aimed to weaken Germany economically during the war.

Question 26

What event led President Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress to declare war on Germany?

Answer 26

Germany sank four American ships ## Footnote This incident contributed to growing anti-German sentiment in the United States.

Question 27

What happened on November 11, 1918?

Answer 27

Germany signed an armistice that ended the war ## Footnote This date is commemorated as Armistice Day or Veterans Day in various countries.

Question 28

What was President Woodrow Wilson's peace plan called?

Answer 28

The 14 points ## Footnote Wilson's 14 points aimed to establish a framework for lasting peace after the war.

Question 29

What were the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles for Germany?

Answer 29

* Forced to pay reparations * Gave up land * Gave up weapons ## Footnote The treaty aimed to prevent future conflict but also sowed resentment in Germany.

Question 30

Which territories did France and Britain acquire after World War I?

Answer 30

* France took Syria and Lebanon * Britain got Iraq and Jordan ## Footnote These territories were part of the post-war reorganization of the Middle East.

Question 31

What conflict arose in British Palestine?

Answer 31

Conflict between Jews and Arabs over ownership of the Holy Land ## Footnote This conflict has roots in the promises made to both communities during and after the war.

Question 32

What were the demands of striking workers in Russia in March 1917?

Answer 32

Peace and bread ## Footnote These demands reflected the dire economic conditions and social unrest in Russia at the time.

Question 33

What happened to the Czar of Russia during the revolution?

Answer 33

He gave up his throne and was later executed ## Footnote The abdication marked the end of the Romanov dynasty and the imperial regime.

Question 34

What did socialists in Russia advocate for?

Answer 34

A society based on equality for all ## Footnote This ideology gained traction among workers and contributed to the revolution.

Question 35

What was the outcome of the Russian Civil War?

Answer 35

Bolsheviks (Communists) won and controlled all of Russia ## Footnote The civil war solidified the Bolsheviks' power, leading to the establishment of the USSR.