Imperialism Flashcards
What is imperialism?
One nations control of the political, economic, and social territory.
Who was not represented in the Berlin conference?
Africans
Define sphere of influence.
When European country demanded exclusive trading rights in a territory.
What European country first colonized Southern Africa?
The Netherlands
Who were the Boers?
The Dutch settlers in Southern Africa.
What two states did the Boers create in Southern Africa?
Orange free state and South African republic/Transvaal
What was Apartheid?
Legal system of racial separation in S Africa.
Why did Britain make Egypt a British protectorate?
To protect British control of Suez Canal
Who was the Beligian king who owned the Congo Free state?
Leopold II
Who were the pied noir?
French settlers in Algeria
Who fought at the Battle of Adowa in 1896?
Ethopia and Italians
What African country was unofficially an American colony?
Liberia
Which European country first colonized part of India?
Portugal
What empire ruled India at this time?
Mughal Empire
Who were sepoys?
Indians serving in the British army.
What caused the Sepoy Mutiny?
The introduction of the new Enfield rifle
What is a viceroy?
Representative of the king or queen
Which dynasty ruled China in the 1800s?
Qing
Europeans were only allowed to trade in which Chinese port city?
Canton
What product did the English discover that the Chinese would buy from them?
Opium
Name four results of the Treaty of Nanjing 1842?
China payed for destroyed opium, British gained extra territorial rights, Opium trade didn’t end, and British allowed to trade in more ports.
What happened at the Berlin Conference?
Established rules for European conquest of Africa
What language did Boers speak?
Afrikaans
What was the Great Trek?
Boers headed North and East
Why did Boers set of on the Great Trek?
Preserve Dutch heritage
Who was the British Prime minister of the Cape colony who wanted Britain to control territory from Cairo to Cape Town?
Cecil Rhodes
What ethnic group in Southern Africa did Britain go to war with?
Boers
Who United the Boers into one state?
Beligian government
The Battle of Plassey was part of what war?
Seven years war
Who won battle of plassey?
British
What did British do that angered the Indians?
The Indians ordered them to stop military preparations but they refused
Who was the British monarch during this time?
Queen Victoria
Why were the Chinese not interested in buying European goods?
They looked down on them
Name five countries that carved spheres of influence in China.
Britain, France, Germany, Russia, and Japan
What was the Open door policy and who suggested it?
Any nation should be free to trade anywhere in China. The USA suggested it.
What happened during the Taiping Rebellion?
The religious revolt against the Qing dynasty failed with 20 million deaths.
Who was the dowager empress of China who opposed foreign involvement in China?
Ci Xi
Who fought the Second Opium war and what was the result?
British and French against the Chinese and China was forced to open to foreigners.
What happened during the Boxer Rebellion?
Chinese attacked foreigners and killed many Chinese Christians
Who was Sun Yat-sen?
Founded nationalist Party
Who was Pu Yi?
2 year old emperor of China
What Chinese political party pushed for the creation of a republic in China?
Nationalist Party
What was the Meiji Restoration in Japan?
The uprising of samurai that defeated the shogun
What was surprising about the Russio-Japanese war?
Japan was the first non European country to defeat a European country in war.
What non European country did Europeans view as an equal going into World War I?
Japan
