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2019 - Modern World History > Imperialism > Flashcards

Imperialism Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe what Imperialism is.

A

When a powerful country takes over a less powerful country and dominates their politics, economics, and social life.

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2
Q

Explain the economic reasons for Europeans to want colonies?

A

They would take resources to use for industrializing without paying for them

Colonies were used as a market to sell the goods Europeans produced in factories

Control of trade routes which allows your ships to resupply and you can charge other countries to use your stops

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3
Q

Explain the social reasons Europeans gave for wanting colonies.

A

Europeans felt that it was their responsibility to help “civilize” the native peoples

Spread European culture, which included things like sanitation, healthcare, education, technology

Spread Christianity

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4
Q

What is the white man’s burden?

A

Europeans felt that it was their responsibility to help “civilize” the native peoples

Helped to justify all the negative things the Europeans were doing in the colonies

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5
Q

What does The White Man’s burden say about how Europeans view themselves?

A

Made them feel like they were actually helping the people in the colonies by giving them “culture and civilization” and not just stealing their resources

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6
Q

What does The White Man’s burden say about how Europeans view the native people in colony?

A

They viewed the natives as almost child-like, and not able to look after themselves.

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7
Q

What are examples of the White Man’s Burden in practice in colonies?

A

Europeans forced natives to become Christian, change their language, foods, clothing styles, etc.

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8
Q

What is indirect rule?

A

Europeans allowed Indian princes to remain in power, as long they paid the Europeans taxes

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9
Q

How indirect rule work in India?

A

Indian princes got to remain alive and be rich and powerful if they agreed to do what the English wanted them to do. The English wouldn’t really have to do much, but still gain a lot of money.

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10
Q

What is the role of the Europeans in indirect imperialism?

A

Europeans are in the highest positions of power, and make the big decisions for the colonies, but do not deal with small details and decisions. They are responsible for setting tax rates and quotas for goods to be produced.

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11
Q

What is the role of the native working peoples in indirect imperialism?

A

The do all of the work, and pay the taxes.

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12
Q

What were the positive effects of imperialism on India?

A

Large railroad network and paved roads

Linked India to the industrialized world

Better health, education, and technology

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13
Q

What were the negative effects of imperialism on India?

A

Use of cash crop plantation led to starvation

Didn’t get value of resources

Were not allowed to learn how to govern

Lost independence and were treated like children

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14
Q

What is a cash crop?

A

A crop that is grown to sell for money, not for eating

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15
Q

What are some examples of cash crops?

A

Spices, tea, cotton, opium, tobacco, rubber, chocolate, coffee, etc.

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16
Q

In Shooting an Elephant, who was represented by the narrator?

A

England, or other Europeans nations that were colonizing

17
Q

In Shooting an Elephant, what was represented by the elephant?

A

Imperialism

18
Q

In Shooting an Elephant, who was represented by the coolie?

A

All the native people living under colonial rule

19
Q

In Shooting an Elephant, how was imperialism bad for the Europeans as well?

A

It forced the Europeans to act in a way that was bad. They had to be cruel in order to maintain control, which isn’t how they would choose to be otherwise.

20
Q

What problems did the Europeans have trying to take over Africa before the Industrial Revolution?

A

Rough terrain including deserts, mountains, jungles and no maps

Rivers were too rough to navigate

Equal weapons (muskets) which Africans got from trading slaves

Malaria, other diseases killed Europeans

21
Q

What were the solutions to these problems that the Industrial Revolution changed?

A

Railroads allowed the Europeans to move troops and supplies in and around Africa quickly

Steamboats could against the current and allowed the Europeans to move troops and supplies in and around Africa quickly and safely on water

The Maxim Gun was the first true machine gun which the Europeans used against the African people

Anti-Malaria drug called Quinine was introduced to Europeans in Africa. Made malaria survivable, and lessened the symptoms

22
Q

Who was David Livingstone?

A

First European to explore much of the interior of Africa. He come out with stories about the resources and people who lived there, which gave Europeans their first glimpses of the inner parts of Africa.

23
Q

What was trying to accomplish?

A

He wanted to end the last parts of the slave trade by finding a river that cut all the way through, which would bring trade and “civilization”

24
Q

What effect did he have on Africa?

A

He gave the Europeans the reason to invade Africa “to stop slavery,” but really they just were looking for a reasons to take over.

25
Q

What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?

A

To make sure there weren’t any European vs. European wars over African land

26
Q

Who was invited to the conferences? Who was left out- why?

A

Africa, because they were not considered important

27
Q

What was the main thing the Europeans cared about when dividing up Africa?

A

What resources they could get

28
Q

What did they ignore while dividing up Africa?

A

Ethnic and cultural boundaries

29
Q

What is direct rule?

A

Europeans operated all government positions and controlled all decisions

30
Q

How was direct rule different from indirect rule?

A

Direct Imperialism - Europeans were in full control of the colony, brought in Europeans to run all the government jobs, made all decisions, and usually wanted to change the native culture to match their own.

Indirect Imperialism - Europeans only made the large decisions for the colony and set tax and quota rates. Natives were allowed to otherwise run their own country, and left most of their culture intact.

31
Q

What are the goals in direct imperialism?

A

Take as many resources as possible, sell finished goods to the natives, and assimilate the natives into acting like Europeans.

32
Q

How did imperialism affect regular African people?

A

Africans died from wars, diseases, and brutal working conditions

33
Q

How do Europeans and Africans view imperialism differently?

A

Europeans viewed it as helping the natives

The natives viewed it as an invasion and a theft of all their resources

34
Q

Why would they have those differing views?

A

Europeans lived in the good areas, had large houses and benefited from imperialism.

Natives were treated as second class citizens at best, slaves at worst. They did the hard work for the Europeans taking all of their valuable goods.

35
Q

What were the negative effects of Imperialism in Africa?

A

Many Africans were killed through rebellions against the Europeans, diseases, and on plantations and mines

Africans lost all the value of the resources of their continent

Created decades of conflict because the national borders did not align with tribal borders, which leads to modern day civil wars

36
Q

Explain one long term effect of Imperialism still seen in Africa today.

A

They are poorer because they never got the value of all their resources, they still have a lot of wars as the ethnic groups separate from each other.

37
Q

What was one effect from Imperialism on European countries?

A

They became far wealthier than the rest of the world

38
Q

How is the Tibet and China an example of modern imperialism?

A

China invaded Tibet, is now in full control of their government

China is taking their resources, has set up military bases, and is trying to change Tibetan culture.

2019 - Modern World History (11 decks)

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