Imperialism

Question 1

Imperialism

Answer 1

Policy in which a stronger nation extends its economic, political, or military control over weaker territories.

Question 2

Where did U.S. and European countries want to gain territories?

Answer 2

In Central America, Pacific, and The Caribbean

Question 3

What were the three main reasons for Imperialism?

Answer 3

The three main reasons were Economic gain, Militarism, Nationalism, and Social Darwinism.

Question 4

Jingoism

Answer 4

A foreign policy by Jesus to avert attention from domestic problems

Question 5

Admiral Alfred T. Mahan

Answer 5

American Naval officer and historian. Ordered by Roosevelt to attack Spanish.

Question 6

Cultural Superiority

Answer 6

Belief that the culture of the US were superior to the cultures of foreign nations

Question 7

William Seward

Answer 7

Persuaded the US to buy Alaska from the Russians for $7.2 million. It was called “Seward’s Folly” Alaska becomes a state in 1959.

Question 8

“Seward’s Folly” or “Seward’s Icebox”

Answer 8

The nickname was given for Alaska by the American people because they thought the purchase was a waste believing that Alaska was just wild, snowy, wilderness

Question 9

How did time prove that the purchase of Alaska was not an act of folly?

Answer 9

Alaska is rich in timber, minerals, and oil

Question 10

William Hooper

Answer 10

established the first American sugar plantation in Hawaii in 1830

Question 11

Why did the Hawaiian population decrease dramatically?

Answer 11

Settlers and missionaries brought diseases

Question 12

The workforce in Hawaii was insufficient due to the deaths caused by disease, what was done to fix this problem?

Answer 12

Planters brought in thousands of Japanese and Chinese workers

Question 13

King Kalakaua

Answer 13

He was elected and was not part of the hereditary monarchy—had been elected in 1874 after the death of the previous king without any heir; by the 1870s Americans controlled most of Hawaii’s land and trade as well as a growing influence over the king thus resulting in 1875 the Treaty of Reciprocity between the United States of America and the Hawaiian Kingdom was signed

Question 14

1886, US officials demanded control of Pearl Harbor in exchange for tax-free sugar; Kalakaua refused. What did many Americans living in Hawaii do?

Answer 14

American planters in Hawaii called for the U.S. to annex the islands so they wouldn’t have to pay the duty.

Question 15

McKinley Tariff

Answer 15

Eliminate the duty-free status on Hawaiian sugar faced competition in the U.S. markets from Cuba

Question 16

Kalakaua signed a treaty in July 1887:
1. What did the treaty set up?
2. Why was there controversy about the treaty and what did some people call it?

Answer 16

This was set up to limit voting rights to only wealthy landowners. They removed the property-owning qualification for voting.

Question 17

Annex

Answer 17

Incorporation of one territory into the territory of another

Question 18

Why did many Americans call for the US to annex Hawaii after the McKinley Tariff of 1890?

Answer 18

The McKinley Tariff provoked a crisis by eliminating the duty-free status of Hawaiian sugar. They didn’t want to pay the duty.

Question 19

Queen Liliuokalani

Answer 19

Hawaii queen who was forced out of power by revolution

Question 20

Ambassador John L. Stevens

Answer 20

Leads a rebellion in the U.S. and sent marines to help and introduces a government led by Sanford Dole.

Question 21

Why did John L. Stevens order Marines ashore

Answer 21

Stevens ordered marines ashore and assisted in the overthrow of the monarchy, Stevens also recognized Dole and the new government

Question 22

Sanford B. Dole

Answer 22

Helped overthrow Queen Liliuokalani and later served as president and governor of Hawaii.

Question 23

What happened as a result of U.S. imperialism in Hawaii?

Answer 23

U.S. businessmen led a revolution against the Hawaiian monarch. Supporters of annexation heard of Queen Liliuokalani’s push to adopt a new native-friendly constitution

Question 24

Hawaii’s steps to becoming a state

Answer 24

annexed by the U.S. on July 7, 1898; became a US territory in 1900; became the 50th state in 1959

Question 25

Jose Marti

Answer 25

A poet and journalist in exile in New York who became the Cuban leader of the independence movement; he wrote about Cuban independence before returning to Cuba only to become a martyr after being killed

Question 26

What did José Marti do that affected the U.S.?

Answer 26

Destroyed property, especially American-owned sugar mills and plantations

Question 27

Why did Jose Marti encourage War Cuban rebels to destroy sugar mills and plantations?

Answer 27

Marti hoped to provoke the United States into helping Cuba win independence from Spain

Question 28

General Valeriano Weyler

Answer 28

Tried to crush the rebellion by needing the rural of population central and western Cuba into barbed-wire concentration camps

Question 29

Many in the United States were War sympathetic to Cuban’s struggle because of

Answer 29

Similarities to American Revolutionary war

Question 30

Joseph Pulitzer

Answer 30

The owner of the ​New York World​. He pioneered popular innovations such as the large Sunday edition, comics, sports coverage, and women’s news.

Question 31

William Randolph Hearst

Answer 31

Owner of the New York morning journal and the San Francisco examiner

Question 32

Yellow Journalism

Answer 32

Sought to exaggerate and embellish news stories to sell more papers

Question 33

What effect did the yellow journalism used by Hearst and Pulitzer before and during the Spanish-American War have on American reactions to the situation in Cuba?

Answer 33

Yellow journalism helped create a base of support for a war against Spain. It communicated a sense of the suffering of the Cuban people. False reports and exaggerations kept people from focusing on the real situation

Question 34

The American press, especially two New York City newspapers encouraged war with Spain to free Cuba; What was the name given to these types of media reports and what were they?

Answer 34

Yellow journalism was sensational style of reporting—exaggerating in order to lure and enrage readers

Question 35

Enrique Dupuy de Lome

Answer 35

Spain’s minister to the United States who wrote a degrading letter about McKinley

Question 36

De Lome Letter

Answer 36

A stolen letter from the Spanish Minister to Washington that was given to the press that called McKinley a weak man

Question 37

The ​U.S.S.​ ​Maine ​Incident

Answer 37

260 American sailors killed after. Yellow Journalist called for war against Spain, offer rewards for proof of Spanish plot.

Question 38

Who did the US blame and why?

Answer 38

Spain because the warship Maine was split in two by an enemy’s secret infernal machine.

Question 38

What events increased the tension between the United States and Spain?

Answer 38

Publication of the de Lome letter, which criticized President McKinley, and the explosion of the U.S.S. Maine, which many Americans blamed on Spain

Question 39

How did the Spanish try to avoid war with the United States?

Answer 39

The Spanish agreed to all the demands of the United States, including a six month ceasefire

Question 40

Teller Amendment

Answer 40

Stated that once Cuba won its independence from Spain, the United States would “leave the government and control of the Island to its people”

Question 41

Rough Riders

Answer 41

Volunteer regiment of U.S. calvary led by Teddy Roosevelt during the Spanish American war and to take San Juan

Question 42

Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Roosevelt

Answer 42

Resigned his naval post and led the charge of Rough Riders up San Juan Hill to help win a decisive battle in the Spanish-American War

Question 43

Commodore George Dewey

Answer 43

Defeated Spanish forces in the Philippines and enlisted help from rebels to take land battles

Question 44

How did Emilio Aguinaldo help the U.S. during the Spanish-Ameircan War?

Answer 44

Leader of rebel army of Filipino patriots in the Philippines who helped Dewey defeat the Spanish in the Philippines

Question 45

War in the Caribbean

Answer 45

Despite being ill-prepared (wool clothing, poor food) the U.S. would defeat the Spanish behind the block by Admiral William T. Sampson

Question 46

What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris?

Answer 46

Spain freed Cuba and turned over the islands of Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States. Spain also sold the Philippines to the United States for $20 million.

Question 47

Buffalo Soldiers

Answer 47

Brave colored boys who helped free Cuba

Question 48

Walter Reed

Answer 48

Led the team which confirmed the theory that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes, rather than by direct contact.

Question 49

What did Jose Marti, Luis Munoz Rivera, and Emilio Aguinaldo have in common

Answer 49

All of these men wanted and fought for independence for their countries, which were controlled by Spain. They were concerned about the United States taking control of their countries. All were strong leaders with significant support from their people.