impact of ww1 on surgery

Question 1

X rays were discovered in 1895 by

Answer 1

Wilhelm Röntgen

Question 2

X ray uses in ww1

Answer 2

• used to find broken bones
• glass tubes used and were flimsy
• often located in hospitals miles away from the battlefield

Question 3

the ‘coolidge tube’

Answer 3

• invented by William Coolidge in 1913
• became widely used by the end of the war
• still used in x rays today

Question 4

Marie Curie

Answer 4

• 1914, mobile X ray units
• alllwed transport of X ray equipment

Question 5

the idea of blood transfusions was known since the 17th century, but what was the problem?

Answer 5

the blood was clotted

Question 6

Blood groups discovered in 1900

Answer 6

• Karl Landsteiner
• the blood clots, blocking vessels if certain groups of blood are mixed.
• more successful transfusions likely because of this discovery

Question 7

usefulness of blood transfusions in ww1

Answer 7

• many soldiers died of blood loss, which made storing blood important

Question 8

Sodium Citrate stopped blood clotting…

Answer 8

• discovered 1914
• meant blood could be stored
• allowed first ever blood depot to be set up in 1917

Question 9

British National Blood Transfusion Service established in…

Answer 9

1946

Question 10

Pedicle tubes process (from ww1)

Answer 10

• skin is partially cut from a healthy part of patient’s body
• then attatched to the damaged area to cover scars
• developed by Harold Gillies, inspired by doctors in france and germany
• used on soldiers’ facial scars from ww1