Impact of victimisation Flashcards
What impacts may crime have on victims
serious emotional and physical impacts.
examples of emotional impacts on victims
feelings of helplessness
increased security consciousness
difficulties in social functioning
crime may create i_________ v_______
indirect victims
what is an indirect victim?
witnesses, friends and relatives of victims.
Pynoos et al (indirect victims) found:
child witnesses of a sniper attack continued to have grief-related dreams and altered behaviour a year after the event.
child witnesses experienced what, a year after the sniper attack? (Pynoos et al)
grief-related dreams
altered behaviour
what can hate crimes against minorities create?
waves of harm that radiate out to intimidate whole communities, not just the primary victim.
Secondary victimisation:
individuals suffering further victimisation in the CJS in addition to the crime itself.
secondary victimisation- what do feminists argue?
the police and courts poorly treat rape victims, so amounts to a double violation.
double violation:
the police and courts poorly treating rape victims. Primary victim of rape and secondary victim of the court’s poor treatment.
fear of victimisation:
crime may create a fear of becoming a victim, even if such fears are irrational.
example of fear of victimisation:
women are more afraid of going out for fear of attack, yet young men are more likely to become victims of violence.
AO3: feminists attack…
the emphasis of ‘fear of crime’.
AO3: ‘fear of crime’ focuses on what?
women’s passivity and their psychological state.
AO3: what do feminists argue we should focus on?
women’s safety rather than their psychological state eg: the structural threat of patriarchal violence that women face.
