Impact of training on lifestyle diseases

Question 1

Sedentary lifestyle

Answer 1

Inactive lifestyle.

Question 2

Coronary risk factors

Answer 2

Conditions or habits that increase the risk of coronary heart disease. e.g. sedentary lifestyle, overweight or obese, smoking, high LDL cholesterol, hypertension and unhealthy diet.

Question 3

Atheroclerosis

Answer 3

A condition where fatty plaque builds up in the walls of the arteries causing their walls to harden and their lumen to narrow.

Question 4

Coronary heart disease

Answer 4

Condition where fatty plaque builds up in the walls of the coronary arteries causing them to narrow and reduce blood supply to the heart. This may lead to angina and heart attack.

Question 5

Coronary arteries

Answer 5

Blood vessels that supply oxygen rich blood to the entire heart muscle.

Question 6

Angina

Answer 6

Partial blockage of a coronary artery causing chest pains due to lack of oxygen to heart muscle.

Question 7

Heart Attack

Answer 7

Complete blockage of a coronary artery causing total restriction of oxygen to the heart muscle.

Question 8

HDL

Answer 8

Good Cholesterol. Low in blood fats and removes LDL cholesterol from walls or arteries and transports to liver.

Question 9

Unhealthy cardiovascular system

Answer 9

Sedentary lifestyle that is high in coronary risks factors chance of - atherosclerosis, angina, hypertension, stroke, heart attack or coronary heart disease.

Question 10

Healthy Cardiovascular system - Heart

Answer 10

Cardiac hypertrophy, Increased SV, decreased resting HR, more efficient heart and decreased cardiovascular strain.

Question 11

Healthy Cardiovascular system- Blood Vessels

Answer 11

Increased efficiency in coronary arteries.
Increased Oxygen delivery to heart muscles.
Increased elasticity of artery walls/ More efficient vasodilation and vasoconstriction
Reduced risk of hardening of artery walls.

Question 12

Healthy Cardiovascular system- Blood

Answer 12

Decreased blood fats and LDL Cholesterol
Increased HDL Cholesterol.
Decreased blood viscosity

Question 13

Healthy Cardiovascular system- Other

Answer 13

Body weight better managed/ Healthy energy balance.

Question 14

Respiratory Disease

Answer 14

Disorder or infection that affects the lungs and causing breathing problems.

Question 15

Asthma

Answer 15

Reversible narrowing of the respiratory airways causing inflammation and increased mucus production.

Question 16

COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Answer 16

A group of lung conditions that make it difficult to empty air out of the lungs because the airways have been narrowed. e.g. long term bronchitis and emphysema.

Question 17

Symptoms of Asthma

Answer 17

Shortness of breath/ coughing/wheezing / tight chest.

Question 18

Triggers of Asthma

Answer 18

Exercise induced asthma/ cold air/ pollen/ pollution

Question 19

Control of Asthma

Answer 19

Exercise/healthy diet/proper warm up/inhalers/ inspiratory muscle training.

Question 20

Symptoms of COPD

Answer 20

Shortness of breath/ ongoing cough that produces a lot of mucus/ wheezing and tight chest.

Question 21

Causes of COPD

Answer 21

Smoking/ asthma/ long term inflammation of the respiratory airways leads to permanent damage; decreased elasticity and permanent narrowing of the airways.

Question 22

Treatment of COPD

Answer 22

Exercise / medications

Question 23

Inspiratory muscle training

Answer 23

Breathing exercises to increase strength and endurance of respiratory muscles normally aimed at people who suffer from asthma and COPD.

Question 24

Unhealthy respiratory system

Answer 24

Smoking and sedentary lifestyle increases the chance of respiratory diseases.

Question 25

Healthy respiratory system

Answer 25

Regular training and lifestyle choices greatly decreases risk of respiratory disease due to physiological adaptation and health benefits.

Question 26

Respiratory structures

Answer 26

Increased surface area and elasticity of alveoli.
Increased tidal volume.
Capillarisation around alveoli for greater gaseous exchange.
Increased diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.

Question 27

Mechanics of Breathing

Answer 27

Increased strength and endurance of respiratory muscles.
Lungs more efficient increased TV.
Decreased breathing frequency.
Delayed respiratory fatigue.