Impact of training on lifestyle diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Sedentary lifestyle

A

Inactive lifestyle.

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2
Q

Coronary risk factors

A

Conditions or habits that increase the risk of coronary heart disease. e.g. sedentary lifestyle, overweight or obese, smoking, high LDL cholesterol, hypertension and unhealthy diet.

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3
Q

Atheroclerosis

A

A condition where fatty plaque builds up in the walls of the arteries causing their walls to harden and their lumen to narrow.

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4
Q

Coronary heart disease

A

Condition where fatty plaque builds up in the walls of the coronary arteries causing them to narrow and reduce blood supply to the heart. This may lead to angina and heart attack.

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5
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Blood vessels that supply oxygen rich blood to the entire heart muscle.

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6
Q

Angina

A

Partial blockage of a coronary artery causing chest pains due to lack of oxygen to heart muscle.

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7
Q

Heart Attack

A

Complete blockage of a coronary artery causing total restriction of oxygen to the heart muscle.

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8
Q

HDL

A

Good Cholesterol. Low in blood fats and removes LDL cholesterol from walls or arteries and transports to liver.

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9
Q

Unhealthy cardiovascular system

A

Sedentary lifestyle that is high in coronary risks factors chance of - atherosclerosis, angina, hypertension, stroke, heart attack or coronary heart disease.

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10
Q

Healthy Cardiovascular system - Heart

A

Cardiac hypertrophy, Increased SV, decreased resting HR, more efficient heart and decreased cardiovascular strain.

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11
Q

Healthy Cardiovascular system- Blood Vessels

A

Increased efficiency in coronary arteries.
Increased Oxygen delivery to heart muscles.
Increased elasticity of artery walls/ More efficient vasodilation and vasoconstriction
Reduced risk of hardening of artery walls.

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12
Q

Healthy Cardiovascular system- Blood

A

Decreased blood fats and LDL Cholesterol
Increased HDL Cholesterol.
Decreased blood viscosity

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13
Q

Healthy Cardiovascular system- Other

A

Body weight better managed/ Healthy energy balance.

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14
Q

Respiratory Disease

A

Disorder or infection that affects the lungs and causing breathing problems.

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15
Q

Asthma

A

Reversible narrowing of the respiratory airways causing inflammation and increased mucus production.

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16
Q

COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

A

A group of lung conditions that make it difficult to empty air out of the lungs because the airways have been narrowed. e.g. long term bronchitis and emphysema.

17
Q

Symptoms of Asthma

A

Shortness of breath/ coughing/wheezing / tight chest.

18
Q

Triggers of Asthma

A

Exercise induced asthma/ cold air/ pollen/ pollution

19
Q

Control of Asthma

A

Exercise/healthy diet/proper warm up/inhalers/ inspiratory muscle training.

20
Q

Symptoms of COPD

A

Shortness of breath/ ongoing cough that produces a lot of mucus/ wheezing and tight chest.

21
Q

Causes of COPD

A

Smoking/ asthma/ long term inflammation of the respiratory airways leads to permanent damage; decreased elasticity and permanent narrowing of the airways.

22
Q

Treatment of COPD

A

Exercise / medications

23
Q

Inspiratory muscle training

A

Breathing exercises to increase strength and endurance of respiratory muscles normally aimed at people who suffer from asthma and COPD.

24
Q

Unhealthy respiratory system

A

Smoking and sedentary lifestyle increases the chance of respiratory diseases.

25
Q

Healthy respiratory system

A

Regular training and lifestyle choices greatly decreases risk of respiratory disease due to physiological adaptation and health benefits.

26
Q

Respiratory structures

A

Increased surface area and elasticity of alveoli.
Increased tidal volume.
Capillarisation around alveoli for greater gaseous exchange.
Increased diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.

27
Q

Mechanics of Breathing

A

Increased strength and endurance of respiratory muscles.
Lungs more efficient increased TV.
Decreased breathing frequency.
Delayed respiratory fatigue.