Immunopathology Lec1 Flashcards
Redness
Rubor
Tumor
Swelling
Pain
Dolor
Loss of function
Functio laesa
Macrophages kill and eat but don’t digest themselves the ___________.
Present
Causes vasodilation and increases vascular permeability
Histamine
Causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
Serotonin
Pain and vasodilation (increases leakyness)
Bradykinin
What are the effects of bradykinin?
Vasodilation
PAIN!
Increased vascular permeability
Bronchoconstruction
C5a and IL8 are __________________ attractants
Neutrophil
What causes degranulation of mast cells?
Anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a)
THis causes pain and fever.
PGE2
What neutralizes Thromboxane A2?
Aspirin
Lipoxygenase pathway in Lungs involve what that leads to inflammation and bronchoconstriction in Asthma?
Leukotrienes
These don’t have a nucleus therefore they cant regenerate TXA2.
Platelets
___________ causes liver to make acute phase reactants.
IL-6
These cytokines activate endothelial cell adhesion molecules, initiate PGE2 synthesis in anterior hypothalamus, leading to production of fever and pain.
IL-1 and TNFalpha
This cytokines does PMN chemotaxis
IL-8
What are 4 outcomes of Acute inflammation:
Complete resolution with regeneration
Complete resolution with scarring
Abscess formation
Transition to chronic inflammation
Know the difference between conjunctivitis and scleritis…
Both cause red eye, if sclera is inflamed it will be painful…. Conjunctivitis itches and isn’t pain.
Important cells for chronic inflammation: Macrophages Histiocytes Kupffer cells Osteoclasts Micoglia
Macrophages: monocytes HIstiocytes: connective tissues Kupffer cells: liver Osteoclasts: bone Micoglia: brain
What play a key role in parasitic infections and IgE-mediated allergic reactions.
Eosinophils
Eosinophils contain ___________________, which is toxic to parasites.
Major basic protein
WHat are the 4 types of necrosis?
Coagulative
Liquefactive
Caseous
Fat
Ischemia is usually ________________ necrosis, but in the brain it is ________________ necrosis.
Coagulative
Liquefactive
Liquefaction in most of the body is caused by infection from organisms, but not in the ___________.
Brain
“Cheesy” proteinaceous dead cell mass
Caseous necrosis
This is death in adipose tissue… small white lesions are formed in subcutaneous tissue because of trauma.
Fat necrosis
This is critical in fine-tuning the developing retina.
Apoptosis
Well organized destruction of cells
Apoptosis
