Immunopathology Flashcards
1
Q
Define anaphylaxis
A
Severe type I hypersensitivity
Widespread mast cell degranulation caused by systemic exposure to antigen
2
Q
What are the mediators of type I hypersensitivity?
A
IgE and mast cells
3
Q
What are the causes of type II hypersensitivity?
A
IgM and IgG bound to cell/matrix antigens
4
Q
What are the mediators of type III hypersensitivity?
A
IgM or IgG bound to soluble antigen
5
Q
How is type IV hypersensitivity mediated?
A
Cell mediated - CD4 and CD8 T cells
6
Q
How is type II(V) hypersensitivity mediated?
A
Receptor mediated - IgM or IgG bound to receptors
7
Q
Outline the 6 steps of an allergic reaction
A
- Sensitisation - IgE produced
- Mast cells primed with IgE
- Re-exposure to antigen
- Antigen binds to IgE associated with mast cells
- Mast cell degranulates
- Pro-inflammatory processes stimulates and amplifies future processes
8
Q
What environmental factors may be linked to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease?
A
Personal modifiable risk factors
Geographical risk factors
Infection
