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Pathology > Immunopathology > Flashcards

Immunopathology Flashcards

1
Q

These are found at the surface f cells that contribute to the protective functionof the immune system

A

Fc receptors

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2
Q

Most important for antigen presenting cells for initiating primary immune response against protein antigens

A

Dendritic cells:

Location- under epithelia- entry site of antigensand interstitia of tissues where Ag maybe produced

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3
Q

Tyes of dendritic cells

A

Interdigitating/ simple dendritic
Langerhans cells
Follicular

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4
Q

For,ation of preformed antibody causing ADCC due to previous sensitization thru transfusion, pregnancy

A

Hyperacute rejection

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5
Q

Cellular infiltrates with both CD4 and CD8

A

Acute cellular rejection
Primarily T cell mediated cytotoxic damage
Density of infiltrate and extent of parenchymalndamage determine severity

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6
Q

Intimal fibrosis and ischemia in organ transplantation

Thickened amd fibrotic

A

Chronic rejection

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7
Q

In gvd what organs are most commonly involved

A

Liver intestine skin

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8
Q

In liver tranplant, is HLA an impt procedure

A

No,nthe size of organ matters

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9
Q

Where do you usually see the inflammation in tranplant

A

In portal tract area

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10
Q

Two modes ofnrejection in heart transplant

A

Acute cellular and acute vascular rejection

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11
Q

Vascular rejection in heart transplant

A

Mainly seen in small arteries- vasculitis

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12
Q

Would it help to give high immunosuppressive drug for acute heart transplant

A

No, dahil hindi atabtinatargetbyung vascular tissue

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13
Q

What is containedin the host cell in tranplant rejection? Ab or Ag?

A

Recipient has the antibody that will cause the immune response

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14
Q

Hypersensitivity reactions involved in autoimmunity

A

Primarily 2 and 3

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15
Q

In general, the higher, this is, the worse the disease, seen in manybautoimmune disease

A

Antinuclear antibodies

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16
Q

Characteristic staining of ANA as homogenous diffuse

A

Not very specific for anything

All nuclear element is antigenic

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17
Q

Characteristic staining of ANA as speckled

A

Antibody to extractable nuclear antigens, mixed connective tissue disease

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18
Q

Characteristic staining of ANA as nucleolar

A

Seen in progressive systemic sclerosis

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19
Q

Characteristic staining of ANA as rim

A

SLE

Against double stranded DNA

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20
Q

Substrate for dSDNa test

A

Crithridia organism

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21
Q

Characteristic p,attern of ENA

A

Speckled

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22
Q

Seen in progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)- fluorescence

A

Nucleolar pattern

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23
Q

What is the endpoint usual disease of SLe patients

A

Renal complication

24
Q

A benign SLE with skin involvement, ANA positive in only a third

A

Discoid lupus erythematosus

25
Q

Histologically what is seen in the skin pf the SLE patient

A

Vasculitis and dermal inflammatory infiltrates
At the dermoepidermal junction
Lytic vasculization

26
Q

If positive vacuolization in the uninvolved skin in fluorescence staining in the dermoepidermal junction

A

SLE

27
Q

Lesion is limited on the site where you have the lesion

A

Discoid

28
Q

What is the specific antigen that the antibody develops in SLE

A

Cardiolipin
Interferes woth coagulationnassays leading to thrombosis
Lupus anticoagulant

29
Q

Seen in the spleen of patients with SLE

A

Periarteriolar (onion skin)

30
Q

2 most notorious autoimmune disease

A

SLE

PSS/ sclerodoma

31
Q

A wastebasket category for patients who do not clearly fit into other categories

A

Mixed CT disease

Related to speckled pattern of failure to name it haha

32
Q

Antinuclear antibody specific for sclerodoma

A

Scl-70

33
Q

Serologically suggested by the presence of anti centromere antibody

A

Limited sclerodoma/ CREST

34
Q

What is seem on the skin of scleroderma

A

Shiny, inelastic, sclerodactyly

Note cheilosis

35
Q

Histological fincding in scleroderma

A

Firbrosis and chronic inflammatory infiltrates, thickened fibrocollagenous tissue

36
Q

Worst form of scleroderma

A

Diffuse scleroderma associated with SCl70
Findings: CREST, rebal arterial intimal thickening and proliferation, lungs: diffuse alveolar fibrosis, skin fibrosis- morphea

37
Q

Symmetricla inflammation of slkeletal muscle with weakness, sometimes associated with skin rash, associated Ab against nuclear antzigen, heliotropic rash at the upper eyelid

A

Polymyositis- dermatomyositis

With some forms of malignancy

38
Q

Dry eyes, dry mouth: lacrimal and salivary involvement by lymphocytic infiltration, fobrosis and destruction by CD4+ cells helping in antibody reaction

A

Sjogren’s syndrome

39
Q

Encompass lacrimal amd salivary duct

A

Mikulicz syndrome

Seen in Sjogren

40
Q

Males primarily affected disease bu inheritance occurs in x-linked recessive pattern

A

Bruton’s dosease
On long arm of xchromosome
Mutation in production of tyrosine kinase
Infants observed with multiple infections (Haemophilus and Staph) particularly on skin and lung, bcell absent, tcell intact

41
Q

Field defect of 3rd and 4th pharyngeal puch in utero during organogenesis in the 1st trimester of pregnancy

A

DiGeorge syndrome
Specific deletion of long arm of chromosome 22
In complete digeorge: normal level b cells, normal immunoglobulin, diminished T cells: fungal and viral infections (insoluble) and some parasites

42
Q

Partial di george syndrome

A

SIight decrease i peripheral T lymphocytes

Increased infections, aplasia of parathyroid gland: life threatening hypocapcemia

43
Q

Failure development both humoral and cell mediated

A

SCID
Major variants: Xlinked and autosomal recessive- lack enzyme adenosine deaminase
( handle more bacterial infection, develop severe resp tract infection w/ pneumocystis carinii)

44
Q

Wiskott aldrich triad

A

Immunodefeciency, thrombocytopenia, eczema
Express little cd43
Children are predisposed

45
Q

Genetic defect on chromosome 11 long arm, breakage of chromosom 7 and 14
High risk neoplasia, marked sensitivity to radiation

A

Ataxia - Telangiectasia

46
Q

Triad of telangiectasia

A

Cerebellar ataxia, mucocutaneous telangiectasis, recurrent respiratory tract infxn
Symptom usually benign bet 9 mo and 2 years of age
Particularly Ige and IgA

47
Q

Failure of Iga to transform to plasma cell

A

Selective Iga defeciency

48
Q

In NK cells , killing is dependent on cell tomcell contact mediated by these two

A

IL- 12 and interferon

49
Q

ADCC, the ability if IgG targetbcells to lyse is due to

A

CD 16

  • secrete cyrokines such as IFN gamma
  • enhances NK cell killing
50
Q

Where is MHC located

A

Chromosome 6

51
Q

Mechanism of type II hypersensitivity reaction (3)

A

Phagocytosis and opsonization
Inflammation
Cellular dysfunction/ stimulation

52
Q

Good pasteur syndrome is what type of Type II hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Inflammation

Deposited on basement membrane of glomerulus

53
Q

Antibodies against cell surface that disregulates its function without causing cell injury or inflammation

A

Cellular dysfunction / stimulation
Dys- myasthenia, pernicious anemia
Stim- grave’s dis

54
Q

Type of hypersensitivity reaction wherein the sum complement is reduced because it is used up, and there is a marked vasculitis

A

Type III

55
Q

(3) pathogenesis of systemic immune disease

A

Ag-Ab complex formed in circulation
Deposition of immune complexes in var tissue
Inflammation because of deposition of ICs

56
Q

Type of immune complex disease of farmer’s lung

A

Local immune complex

Arthus

57
Q

Syndrome which involves specific deletion of long arm chromosome 22 (22q11) wherein there is a field defect on the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouch

A

DiGeorge syndrome

Pathology (1 decks)

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