Immunology and Serology Flashcards
In Competitive RIA, what happens if there is no antigen present in the sample?
a. Radioactivity will be decreased proportionally
b. Radioactivity will remain high
c. Radioactivity will be inversely proportional to analyte concentration
In Competitive RIA, what happens if there is no antigen present in the sample?
a. Radioactivity will be decreased proportionally
b. Radioactivity will remain high
c. Radioactivity will be inversely proportional to analyte concentration
Which of the following procedures utilize Radioimmunoassay (RIA)?
a. Blood pressure measurement
b. Hormone and drug measurement
c. Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation
Which of the following procedures utilize Radioimmunoassay (RIA)?
a. Blood pressure measurement
**b. Hormone and drug measurement
**c. Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation
What is another name for Immunoradiometric Assay (IRMA)?
a. Sandwich RIA
b. Competitive RIA
c. Reverse RIA
What is another name for Immunoradiometric Assay (IRMA)?
**a. Sandwich RIA
**b. Competitive RIA
c. Reverse RIA
What is the main purpose of the Radioallergosorbent Test (RAST)?
a. Measurement of hormone levels
b. Detection of specific IgE antibodies
c. Assessment of kidney function
What is the main purpose of the Radioallergosorbent Test (RAST)?
a. Measurement of hormone levels
**b. Detection of specific IgE antibodies
**c. Assessment of kidney function
What is the principle behind the Radioimmunosorbent Test (RIST)?
a. Measurement of total IgG
b. Measurement of total IgE
c. Measurement of cytokine levels
What is the principle behind the Radioimmunosorbent Test (RIST)?
a. Measurement of total IgG
**b. Measurement of total IgE
**c. Measurement of cytokine levels
What is one of the major disadvantages of using radioisotopes in immunoassays?
a. High cost of equipment
b. Health hazards associated with radioactivity
c. Limited specificity of the assay
Which EIA format does not require a separation step?
a. Competitive EIA
b. Homogeneous EIA
c. Indirect EIA
What distinguishes Homogeneous EIA from Heterogeneous EIA?
a. Use of radioactive labels
b. Need for a separation step
c. Type of enzyme used
What is a disadvantage of using enzymes in ELISA?
a. Sensitivity to temperature changes
b. Limited availability of enzyme labels
c. High complexity in assay design
What is an advantage of ELISA compared to Radioimmunoassay (RIA)?
a. Higher specificity
b. No health hazards from radioactivity
c. Lower cost of reagents
What are the uses of ELISA in clinical laboratories?
a. Measurement of blood pressure
b. Detection of antigens and antibodies in body fluids
c. Identification of genetic mutations
What is the purpose of chromogens/substrates like TMB in ELISA?
a. They bind to the antibody
b. They produce a color change that is measured
c. They enhance enzymatic activity
Which enzyme is often used in ELISA due to its versatility and popularity?
a. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
b. Glucose oxidase
c. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
Who developed the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)?
a. Yalow and Berson
b. Engvall and Van Weeman
c. Landsteiner and Wiener
EMIT means
Give 2 examples of homogenous EIA
ARIS means
Give 2 advantage and disadvantage of EIA
Give 2 advanatge and disadvantage of RIA
Which material is commonly used for the porous materials in an immunochromatographic test strip?
a. Nitrocellulose membrane
b. Glass-fiber sheet
c. Antibody labeled with colloidal gold
d. Antigen immobilized
What component of an immunochromatographic test strip confirms the validity of the assay?
a. Sample loading port
b. Porous materials
c. Absorption pad
d. Procedural control
Which component of an immunochromatographic test strip serves as a capillary force source?
a. Sample loading port
b. Porous materials
c. Absorption pad
d. Detection zone
What is another term for Fluorescent Immunoassay?
a. ELISA
b. Immunochromatography
c. Immunofluorescence
d. RIA
c. Immunofluorescence
Who first developed Fluorescent Immunoassay?
a. Yalow and Berson
b. Engvall and Van Weeman
c. Coombs and Gell
d. Coons
d. Coons
