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Step 1 Deluge > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Lymph nodes medullary sinus vs medullary cords

A

Medullary cords: plasma cells

Medullary sinus: macrophages (munching up things as they pass along)

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2
Q

Beta-2 microglobulin vs. invariant chain?

A

Beta-2 microglobulin associated with MHC I and invariant chain associated with MHC II (removed from MHC II and replaced by antigen right before expressing on cell surface)

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3
Q

HLA-A3 association

A

Hemochromatosis

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4
Q

HLA-DQ2/DQ8 association

A

Celiac disease

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5
Q

HLA-DR2 association

A

Multiple sclerosis, SLE, goodpastures

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6
Q

HLA-DR3 association

A

DM1, SLE, graves, hashimotos

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7
Q

HLA-DR4 association

A 
Rheumatoid arthritis (4 walls in a "rhem")
DM1
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8
Q

HLA-DR5 association

A

Pernicious anemia, hashimotos

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9
Q

Complement C3b purpose

A

Most important for opsonization

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10
Q

Neutrophil chemotaxis agents

A

Complement C5a, IL-8 (clean up in IL-8), Leukotriene B4

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11
Q

IL-5 cytokine affect

A

Stimulates IgA production

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12
Q

Myeloperoxidase

A

Enzyme involved in the neutrophil formation of reactive oxygen species. Final step in creation of hypochlorite (HClO, bleach).
Give sputum it’s color (greenish)

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13
Q

EBV target

A

CD21 on B-cells. NTBCw/ CD20 on Bcells: target of rituximab.

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14
Q

CD56

A

Unique marker for natural killer cells

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15
Q

Serum sickness & arthus reaction are examples of…

A

Type III hypersensitivity rxn involving antigen-antibody complexes that fix complement leading to immune cell activation

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16
Q

Anticentromere antibodies

A

Limited scleroderma (CREST)

17
Q

Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-65)

A

Diabetes type 1

18
Q

Anti-Jo, anti-SRP, anti-Mi2

A

polymyositis, dermatomyositis

19
Q

Anti- DNA topoisomerase I

A

aka anti-scl70

Systemic scleroderma

20
Q

Patient receives blood products and quickly has an anaphylatic rxn. Looking back at old lab studies her IgA appeared low. Dx?

A 
IgA deficiency (most common primary immunodeficiency).  Patients have anaphylactic rxns to IgA found in blood products when they themselves are deficient in IgA
Rx: epinephrine for anaphylaxis
21
Q

Patient presents with difficulty walking, a bunch of spider angiomas, and low levels of IgA, IgG, IgE. Dx?

A

Ataxia-telangiectasia syndrome. Defective ATM gene: failure to repair DNA double strand breaks.
Also have elevated AFP

22
Q

Infant presents with umbilical cord still attached >30days from birth. Also has been having multiple bacteria skin and mucosal infections. Dx? Defect?

A

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 caused by defective LFA-1 integrin (CD18). Phagocytes don’t migrate to appropriate places: no pus formation, high serum neutrophils, none in sites of infection

23
Q

Complement deficiencies C5-C9 associated with…

A

Recurrent Neisseria infections and bacteremia. Inability to form MAC complex.
Contrast with early complement deficiencies (e.g. C3): recurrent infections w/ encapsulated bacteria

24
Q

Mediators of acute vs chronic transplant rejection

A

Acute: CD8 mediated host cells respond to donor MHcs
Chronic (months-years): CD4 mediated host cells respond to host presentation of donor peptides “Yo, have you seen these guys hangin around?”

25
Q

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

A

Immunosuppressant that blocks cell response to IL-2 (T-cell stimulating cytokine). Works by inhibiting MTOR. Also used in drug eluting stents

26
Q

Daclizumab & basiliximab MOA, indication?

A

Both block the IL-2 receptor. Used in kidney transplant prophylaxis

27
Q

Bevacizumab

A

Avastin (anti-VEGF). Remember by “bevel” and blood draws.

28
Q

Abciximab

A

Anti GpIIb/IIIa used in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Remember “II times III is Cix” Abciximab

29
Q

Immunomodulatory drugs not to take with allopurinol/febuxostat?

A

Azathiopurine and 6-mercaptopurine. Both are metabolized by xanthanine oxidase which is inhibited by allopurinol/febuxostat

30
Q

Only cells (at least that I can think of now) that lack MHC I expression?

A

Syncytiotrophoblasts from the placenta that burrow into endometrium. This helps them not be attacked by maternal immune system

31
Q

CD15 in setting of lymphoma

A

Hodgkins lymphoma. Reed-sternberg cells are always CD15 positive for whatever reason (usually found on granulocytes)

32
Q

Chediak-Higashi disease

A

Immunodeficiency from failure of phagolysosome formation

Step 1 Deluge (7 decks)

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