Immunology

Question 1

What are the components that comprise the innate immune system?

Answer 1

Skin, physical and biochemical components in the nasopharynx, gut, lungs, and genitourinary tract

Question 2

Define antigen

Answer 2

Any substance capable of eliciting an immune response

Question 3

what are the signs of inflammation?

Answer 3

Pain, heat, redness, swelling, loss of function

Question 4

List the cells in the maturation series of lymphocytes

Answer 4

lymphoblassts, prolymphocyte, mature lymphoctye

Question 5

Define immunologic tolerance

Answer 5

State of nonresponsiveness to antigens (self or foreign)

Question 6

Define cytokine

Answer 6

Soluble molecules that serve as mediators of cell responses

Question 7

Activation of the complement system can lead to ____, _____, or _____

Answer 7

optimization, inflammation, or lysis of microbe

Question 8

The primary function of B lymphocytes is production of _____ as part of the humoral immune system

Answer 8

Immunoglobulin (Ig)

Question 9

_____ reactions occur when antigens bind with antibodies and form an insoluble complex

Answer 9

precipitation

Question 10

_____ refers to the ability of the test to correctly identify all animals that are truly positive for a given reaction procedure

Answer 10

Sensitivity

Question 11

The _____ method is the most common type of immunoassay used in veterinary practice laboratories

Answer 11

ELISA

Question 12

Atopy and anaphylaxis are type _____ hypersensitivity disorders

Answer 12

One

Question 13

Glomerulonephritis is an example of type ____ hypersensitivity

Answer 13

Three

Question 14

In dogs, which blood group elicits the greatest antigen response and causes the most serious transfusion reactions if mismatched blood is administered

Answer 14

DEA 1.1

Question 15

The most serious transfusion reactions in cats occur with administration of type ____ blood to type ____ cats

Answer 15

A; B

Question 16

Blood typing of dogs and cats can be performed in the veterinary practice lab with either ______ or _____ methods

Answer 16

immunochromatography or card/slide agglutination

Question 17

Name two immunologic tests that are based on the principles of cel-mediated immunity

Answer 17

tuberculin skin test, intradermal skin tests

Question 18

Function: B-lymphocyte surface antigen receptor in some species
Which immunoglobulin class is this?

Answer 18

IgD

Question 19

Function: Neutralization of microbes and toxins; fetal and neonatal immunity by passive transfer across placenta and in colostrums
Which immunoglobulin class is this?

Answer 19

IgG

Question 20

Function: Mucosal immunity; protection of respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital tracts
Which immunoglobulin class is this?

Answer 20

IgA

Question 21

Function: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions, such as allergies and anaphylactic shock; coating of helminth parasites for destruction by eosinophils
Which immunoglobulin class is this?

Answer 21

IgE

Question 22

Function: Activation of complement
Which immunoglobulin class is this?

Answer 22

IgM