Immunohematology

Question 0

antibodies are found?

Answer 0

serum or plasma

Question 1

Antigens are found in the?

Answer 1

surface of the rbc

Question 2

substances that have the capability to stimulate the production of an antibody

Answer 2

antigen

Question 3

typical mw of antigens

Answer 3

10 000 Dalton

Question 4

relation of complexity of antigen and stimulation

Answer 4

directly related

Question 5

consequence of stability of the Ab stimulation

Answer 5

unstable - less stimulation (easily degrades)

Question 6

order of immunogenicity pf blood antigens

Answer 6

A, B, and D > Kell > Duffy > Kidd

Question 7

antibody composed of

Answer 7

2 heavy and 2 light chain

Question 8

how many fragments are produced when Ab is by enzymes

Answer 8

3
2 Ag binding fragments (Fab)
1 crystallizable fragment (Fc)

Question 9

reacts with foreign Ag not present on the patient’s own RBC

produced as a result of immune stimulation via transfusion or pregnancy

Answer 9

Alloantibodies

Question 10

reacts with Ag on patient’s own cells & with that same Ag on the cells of other individuals

Answer 10

Autoantibodies

Question 11

single most important blood group for selection and transfusion of blood

Answer 11

ABO blood group

Question 12

most frequent phenotype expressed

Answer 12

O phenotype

Question 13

type A has what antigen?

Answer 13

A

Question 14

Type B has what antigen?

Answer 14

B

Question 15

Type AB has what antigen?

Answer 15

A and B

Question 16

Type O has what antigen?

Answer 16

None

Question 17

type A has what antibody

Answer 17

B

Question 18

type B has what antibody?

Answer 18

A

Question 19

Type AB has what antibody

Answer 19

None

Question 20

Type O has what antibody

Answer 20

A and B

Question 21

what is responsible for the specificity of the blood?

Answer 21

sugar molecule

A and B genes produce enzyme transferase which attaches the sugar molecule of the antigen

Question 22

responsible for the H specificity

Answer 22

Fucose

Question 23

Immunodominant sugar in Type A

Answer 23

N-Acetylgalactosamine

Question 24

Acquired A happens when

Answer 24

1 infection with Proteus mirabilis

2 Tn activated erythrocytes

Question 25

immunodominant sugar responsible for B specificity

Answer 25

D-Galactose

Question 26

Acquired B happens when

Answer 26

1 infection with Proteus vulgaris
2 Ca of colon
3 intestinal obstruction
4 E coli O86 infection

Question 27

it is required to produce either A or B antigen

Answer 27

H antigen

Question 28

phenotype that does not produce H antigen

Answer 28

hh (Bombay phenotype)

produce anti-H antibodies

Question 29

most common and mist antigenic Type A

Answer 29

A1

Question 30

differentiate A1 and A2

Answer 30

antisera specific for A1 Ag (anti-A1 lectin) prepared from seed Dolichos biflorus

Question 31

Null phenotypes?

Answer 31

Bombay (Oh)
No A, B or H antigenon red cells & secretions
With anti-A, anti-B & anti-H in their sera
Para- Bombay
Absent or trace A, B, H Ag

Question 32

Newborm Ab detected?

Answer 32

3-6 months of age

Question 33

Other characteristics of ABO Ab

Answer 33

IgM

Reacts at room temperature

Question 34

Direct or Forward Typing

Answer 34

Patient’s cells containing unknown antigens tested with known antisera
Test for antigen

Question 35

Anti-A, B

Answer 35

Not a mixture of anti-A and anti-B Ag

Question 36

Indirect or reverse typing

Answer 36

Known antigen (cell) vs unknown Ab (patient’s serum)