IMMUNOGLOBULINS Flashcards
This is the most abundant class of antibodies
IgG
Where is IgG found?
blood plasma and lymph.
How does IgG act on bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles?
By agglutination, opsonization, activating complement, and by neutralizing toxins.
IgG is increased in?
- Liver disease
- Infections
- IgG myeloma
- Parasitic disease
- Many rheumatic disease
IgG is deccreased in?
- Acquired immunodeficiency
- Increased susceptibility to infections
- Hereditary deficiency
- Protein-losing states
- Non-IgG myeloma
iT is the abnormal increase of plasma cells.
Myeloma
“clumping”
Agglutination
It coats bacteria for macrophage to easily identify or ingest bacteria.
Opsonization
This immunoglobulin is found in small amounts in the blood.
IgA
What is the role of IgA?
Defending mucosal surfaces
What type of immunoglobulin serves as a first line of defense?
IgA
This immunoglobulin is found in the mucosal surfaces.
IgA
What are the 2 isotypes of IgA?
o IgA1 (90%)
o IgA2 (10%)
IgA are classified according to location, what are these locations?
o Serum IgA
o Secretory IgA
IgA are increased in?
- Liver disease
- Infections
- Autoimmune diseases
IgA are decreased in?
- Depressed protein synthesis
- Immunodeficiency
Where is IgA found?
small amounts in the blood.
What cell is IgM present?
B cell
This immunoglobulin is present in B cells
IgM
This is the only naturally occurring antibody.
IgM
This is the first antibody that appears in response to antigenic stimulation.
IgM
It is bigger than other immunoglobulins
IgM
It is the → ingestion of cat’s stool infected with toxoplasma
Taxoplasmosis
IgM is increased in?
- Taxoplasmosis
- Primary biliary cirrhosis
- Cytomegalovirus
- Rubella
- Herpes
- Syphilis
- Various bacterial and fungal diseases
IgM is decreased in?
- Protein-losing conditions
- Hereditary immunodeficiency
It is an antibody that is present on the surface of most but not all B cells early in their development.
IgD
Little IgD is released into ____________
circulation.
May help regulate B cell function.
IgD
The overall function of this antibody is still unknown
IgD
IgD is increased in?
- Infections
- Liver disease
- Connective tissue disorders
IgE is produced by?
B cells and plasma cells
It is produced by the B cells and plasma cells
IgE
What is the concentration level of IgE in the circulation?
Very low
It is associated with allergic and anaphylactic
reactions.
IgE
IgEs associated with __________and ___________
reactions.
allergic
anaphylactic
TRUE OR FALSE:
Non-elevated IgE levels are not diagnostic of any single condition.
False: ELEVATED
IgE is Increased in?
- Inflammatory and infectious diseases including asthma and hay fever.
