Immunodeficiency

Question 1

Causes of inherited innate immunodeficiency

Answer 1

• Brittany Spaniel C3 deficiency
  Persian cat - chediak higashi syndrome of reduced neutrophil migration and phagocytosis
  Irish setter CLAD, leukocytes unable to adhere to walls and emigrate
  Grey collie cyclic haemotopoiesis - abnormality of stem cells. can be treated with marrow transplant
  Border collie trapped neutrophil syndrome - hypercellular BM. responds to immunosuppressive pred. Also have IMPA on joint taps
  Weimereiner neutrophil oxidative burst issue

Question 2

Mechanisms of acquired innate immunodeficiency

Answer 2

secondary to infectious diseases: FIV, FeeLV, FIP, CDV, Parvo/FPL; E.canis, Anaplasma

Bone marrow sup-pression: myelophthesis, MDS, MPDz, myelofibrosis

Question 3

Inherited deficiency in adaptive immunity

Answer 3

SCID - JRT born with thymic and lymphoid aplasia.
Bassett / Corgi - X linked deficiency, not as severe but still usually die

Birman hypotrichosis - bald and no T cells or thymus

Ig deficiencies
- Doberman IgM
GSD, Shar Pei, CKCS, Dachshund: IgA
Can measure levels with SPE

Weimeriner GH deficiency

Question 4

Acquired causees of adaptive immunodeficiency

Answer 4

Viral infection: FIV, FeLV, CPV, CDV (destruction of 2ry lymphoid organs)

Toxins - mycotoxin and aflatoxin myelosuppression

Malnutrition - altered production of cells and reduced lymphocyte function
Obesity - leptin is proinflammatory

Age - immune senescence.