Immunnocytochemistry Flashcards
typically relates to detection at EM resolution
Immunnocytochemistry
typically refers to detection at a light level.
Immunohistochemistry
The protein or desired target
antigen
a structure made by the immune system to seek out and bind with a particular antigen.
antibody
Numerous ________ make up an antigen.
epitopes
The place where the antibody will bind
epitope
the body’s capacity to fend off pathogen invasion.
Immunity
foreign agents that cause disease.
Pathogens
Pathogens have ________ attached to their surfaces, which cause the immune system to respond.
Antigens
Immune System’s 3 line of defense against foreign pathogens:
- Physical and Chemical Barriers (Innate Immunity)
- Nonspecific Resistance (innete unmunity)
- Specific Resistance (Acquired immunity)
form the first line of defense when the body is invaded
Physical and chemical barriers
Eliminates microbes by Regular shedding.
Epidermis of the skin
Produced by mucous membranes
Mucus
filters air that contains pollutants and dust.
Hair in the nose
Catch and directs inhaled particles to the throat.
Respiratory tract’s cilia
Produced in saliva, sweat, and tears, can dissolve cell walls and hence function as an antibiotic.
Tysozyme
acidic (pH-2-3), it kills most poisons and germs in the stomach.
Gastric fluid
scrubs the mouth and teeth and dilutes the amount of bacteria.
Saliva
forms a barrier on the skin and prevents the growth of bacteria.
Sebum
A gelatinous material called _____________ prevents the spread of harmful substances
hyaluronic acid
The second line of defense is __________________ that destroys invaders in a generalized way without targeting specific individuals.
nonspecific resistance
All microorganisms that enter body tissues are consumed and destroyed by
phagocytic cells.
a type of white blood cell, are the source of macrophages.
Monocytes
When your issues are harmed or in response to other stimuli, a localized tissue response, takes place.
Inflammation
accelerates tissue healing during an infection and slows bacterial growth.
Fever
The third line of defense is _________________. This system relies on antigens, which are specific substances found in foreign microbes.
specific resistance
The antigens on the surface of infected bodily cells can be recognized by the _________________.
cytotoxic T lymphocytes
serve as your body’s defense against foreign substances
Antibodies
pathogen defense protein that is present in saliva, tears, mucus, breast mik, and intestinal fluid.
IgA
Your B cells surface contains this antibody. Thought to support cell development and activation, while its precise function is unknown.
IgD
a class of white blood cells that are primarily found in the skin, lungs, and mucous membranes, induce your mast cells to release histamine and other chemicals into your bloodstream
IgE
The majority of the immunoglobulins in your body-roughly 70% to 75%-are this antibody. It is primarily present in blood and tissue fluids.
IgG
antibodies, which are present in your blood and lymph system, serve as your body’s first line of defense against infections. They also have a significant impact on immune system control.
IgM
An ________________ can be created when the antibody binds to the antigen. This surrounds the antigen, and creates a shield, stopping it from functoning properly.
antigen-antibody complex
This is also how a cell can stop a viral antigen from adhering to a bodily cell preventing infection and neutralizing bacterial toxins.
antigen-antibody complex
A collection of plasma proteins known as ________ are produced by the liver and are often inactive in the body. These proteins are activated by a chain of events started by an antigen-antibody combination.
complement
