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Immuno Block 2 > Immunizations > Flashcards

Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

What is a live, attenuated virus?

A

live microbe cultivated under conditions that disable their virulence provoke more durable immunological responses preferred type for healthy patients, not with compromised immune systems -they get inside and generate IgG that will neutralize it

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2
Q

What is an inactivated virus?

A

previously virulent micro-organisms killed by chemicals or heat incomplete or short-lived immune response may occur -they can’t get inside, but they produce IgG

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3
Q

What are toixoids?

A

inactivated toxic compounds from micro-organisms in cases where these (rather than the micro-organism itself) cause illness; require adjuvant for second signal and boosters -has A and B portions; the B portion binds the receptor and A gets inside - the B portion is the toixoid so you’re making antibodies against the B subunit so no binding can occur and A can’t get inside

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4
Q

What is a subunit?

A

An extracellular fragment of the micro-organism can create an immune response require adjuvant for second signal and boosters

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5
Q

What are examples of live, attenuated?

A

MMR, varicella

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6
Q

What are examples of inactivated?

A

Polio (IPV), flu, hepatitis A

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7
Q

What are examples of toxoids?

A

DPT

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8
Q

What are examples of subunit?

A

Hep B, PCV, whooping cough part of DPT

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9
Q

Advantages of Live attenuated vaccines?

A

Strong immune response; often lifelong immunity with few doses

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10
Q

Disadvantages of Live attenuated vaccines?

A

Requires refrigerated storage; may mutate to virulent form

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11
Q

Advantages of inactivated or killed vaccines?

A

Stable; safer than live vaccines; refrigerated storage not required

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12
Q

Disadvantages of inactivated or killed vaccines?

A

Weaker immune response than live vaccines; booster shots usually required

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13
Q

Advantages of toxoid vaccines?

A

immune system becomes primed to recognize bacterial toxins

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14
Q

disadvantages of toxoid vaccines?

A

none

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15
Q

Advantages of subunit vaccines?

A

specific antigens lower the chance of adverse reactions

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16
Q

disadvantages of subunit vaccines?

A

difficult to develop

17
Q

Advantages of conjugate vaccines?

A

primes infant immune systems to recognize certain bacteria

18
Q

Disadvantages of conjugate vaccines?

A

none

19
Q

live microbe cultivated under conditions that disable their virulence provoke more durable immunological responses preferred type for healthy patients, not with compromised immune systems -they get inside and generate IgG that will neutralize it

A

attenuated virus

20
Q

previously virulent micro-organisms killed by chemicals or heat incomplete or short-lived immune response may occur -they can’t get inside, but they produce IgG

A

inactivated virus

21
Q

inactivated toxic compounds from micro-organisms in cases where these (rather than the micro-organism itself) cause illness; require adjuvant for second signal and boosters -has A and B portions; the B portion binds the receptor and A gets inside - the B portion is the toixoid so you’re making antibodies against the B subunit so no binding can occur and A can’t get inside

A

toixoids

22
Q

An extracellular fragment of the micro-organism can create an immune response require adjuvant for second signal and boosters

A

subunit

23
Q

MMR, varicella

A

examples of live, attenuated

24
Q

Polio (IPV), flu, hepatitis A

A

examples of inactivated

25
Q

DPT

A

examples of toxoids

26
Q

Hep B, PCV, whooping cough part of DPT

A

examples of subunit

27
Q

Strong immune response; often lifelong immunity with few doses

A

Advantages of Live attenuated vaccines

28
Q

Requires refrigerated storage; may mutate to virulent form

A

Disadvantages of Live attenuated vaccines

29
Q

Stable; safer than live vaccines; refrigerated storage not required

A

Advantages of inactivated or killed vaccines

30
Q

Weaker immune response than live vaccines; booster shots usually required

A

Disadvantages of inactivated or killed vaccines

31
Q

immune system becomes primed to recognize bacterial toxins

A

Advantages of toxoid vaccines

32
Q

specific antigens lower the chance of adverse reactions

A

Advantages of subunit vaccines

33
Q

difficult to develop

A

disadvantages of subunit vaccines

34
Q

primes infant immune systems to recognize certain bacteria

A

Advantages of conjugate vaccines

Immuno Block 2 (2 decks)

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