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MBBS 4: Family Medicine > Immunizations > Flashcards

Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

Immunizations given at birth?

A
  1. BCG
  2. OPV
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2
Q

Immunizations given at 6 weeks?

A
  1. OPV 1
  2. DPT-HepB-Hib 1
  3. PCV 1
  4. Rotavirus 1
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3
Q

Immunizations given at 10 weeks?

A
  1. OPV 2
  2. DPT-HepB-Hib 2
  3. PCV 2
  4. Rotavirus 2
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4
Q

Immunizations given at 14 weeks?

A
  1. OPV 3
  2. DPT-HepB-Hib 3
  3. PCV 3
  4. IPV - Inactivated polio vaccine
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5
Q

Immunizations given at 9 months?

A

MR 1 - Measles and Rubella 1

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6
Q

Immunizations given at 15 months?

A

MR 2 - Measles and Rubella

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7
Q

How is BCG administered?

A
  • intradermal route
  • right arm at the insertion of the deltoid muscle
  • 0.05 ml dose in newborns
  • 0.1 ml dose for older children
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8
Q

How is OPV administered?

A
  • orally in mouth
  • 2 drops dose
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9
Q

How is Rota vaccined administered?

A
  • orally in mouth
  • 1.5 ml dose
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10
Q

How is DPT-HepB-Hib vaccine administered?

A
  • intramuscularly
  • anterolateral aspect of the mid left thigh
  • 0.5 ml dose
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11
Q

How is PCV vaccine administered?

A
  • intramuscularly
  • anterolateral aspect of mid right thigh
  • 0.5 ml dose
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12
Q

How is IPV vaccine adminstered?

A
  • intramuscularly
  • anterolateral aspect of the mid right thigh: 2.5 cm away from PCV injection
  • 0.5 ml dose
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13
Q

How is MR vaccine administered?

A
  • subcutaneous
  • lateral side of the right/left thigh
  • 0.5 ml dose
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14
Q

Tetanus schedule?

A

1st dose - at first contact
2nd dose - 1 month after first dose
3rd dose - 6 months after second dose
4th dose - 1 year after third dose
5th dose - 1 year after fourth dose

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15
Q

How is tetanus vaccine administered?

A
  • intramuscular
  • left upper arm
  • 0.5 ml dose
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16
Q

Who should get a tetanus vaccination?

A
  1. pregnant women between 27 and 36 weeks
  2. in the case of a deep and dirty wound
17
Q

Immunization schedule for HPV?

A

1st dose - at first contact
2nd dose - 6 months after first dose

18
Q

How to administer HPV vaccine?

A
  • intramuscular
  • left upper arm
  • 0.5 ml dose
19
Q

Who should get the HPV vaccine and when?

A

Girls 9 years old and above

20
Q

Vitamin A administration in children?

A

at 6 months and after every 6 months up to 59 months

21
Q

Vitamin administration in postnatal mothers?

A

within 2 weeks of delivery

22
Q

Malaria vaccine immunization schedule?

A

1st dose - 5 months
2nd dose - 6 months
3rd dose - 7 months
4th dose - 22 months

23
Q

Who gets a malaria vaccine?

A

children below 2 years of age

24
Q

How MV is administered?

A
  • intramuscularly
  • right upper thigh
  • 0.5 ml dose
25
Q

General points to remember with regards to immunization?

A
  1. Always enquire about immunization in any child that comes to hospital
  2. Immunization should be given with informed parental/guardian consent
  3. There are very few contraindications to immunization, if in doubt, consult seniors
  4. Immunizations are given at all health centers and under 5’s clinics
26
Q

Important points in history?

A
  1. Enquire about vaccinations (verbally or documented in the health passport)
  2. Previous severe reaction and anaphylaxis after vaccination
  3. Prolonged use of immunosuppressive therapy
  4. Current illness (i.e. diarrhoea in oral polio vaccines)
27
Q

Important points in examination?

A
  1. Fever
  2. Evidence of vaccinations (BCG scar on deltoid)
28
Q

Contraindications?

A
  1. Severe local or generalised reaction
  2. Acute febrile illness (delay immunisation), acute diarrhoea with OPV
  3. When in doubt consult the seniors
29
Q

Immunization in HIV?

A
  1. BCG is contraindicated in symptomatic HIV infection (NOT neonatal BCG)
  2. Measles, polio, rotavirus, PCV, pentavalent vaccine are ALL INDICATED
30
Q

Immunization reactions?

A
  1. Mild reaction with symptoms of mild fever, local tenderness, irritability, malaise and
  2. crying are common
  3. These are not contraindications to further immunization.
31
Q

Which vaccination can be delayed in the case of acute fever?

A

DPT-HepB-Hib

32
Q

Organisms targeted by imunizations?

A
  1. Polio virus 1, 2, 3
    - Polio-poliomyelitis
  2. Pentavalent
    - Diphtheria: Corynebacterium diphtheria
    - Pertussis/whooping cough: Bordetella pertussis
    - Tetanus: clostridium tetani
    - Hepatis b: hepatitis b virus
    - Hib: Haemophilus influenza B
    3: PCV 1, 2, 3
    - pneumococcal (pneumonia)
  3. Rota 1, 2
    - Rotavirus

MBBS 4: Family Medicine (27 decks)

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