Immunity Pre And Post #2

Question 1

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for treatment of the HIV infection. Which assessment best indicates that the patient’s condition is improving?

• Increased drug resistance.
• Decreased viral load.
• Decreased CD4 T-cell count.
• Increased aminotransferase levels.

Answer 1

B (decreased viral load)

Question 2

Vaccinations are considered which type of prevention:

• Primary Prevention.
• Secondary Prevention.
• Tertiary Prevention.
• Collaborative Prevention.

Answer 2

A (primary)

Question 3

Select all the organs from the following list that are part of the immune system.

• Bone Marrow.
• Thymus.
• Gallbladder.
• Spleen.

Answer 3

A,B,D

Question 4

A diagnosis of AIDS is made when an HIV-infected patient has:

• A high level of HIV in the blood and saliva.
• Lipodystrophy with metabolic abnormalities.
• A CD4+ cell count below 200/microL
• Oral hair leukoplakia, an infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus.

Answer 4

C (CD4+ below 200)

Question 5

Innate immunity is:

• obtained after vaccinations.
• acquired after receiving IV gamma-globulins.
• what we are born with.
• ineffective.

Answer 5

C (born with)

Question 6

Anaphylaxis:

• is an extreme, exaggerated allergic response.
• ranges from non- life-threatening to life-threatening.
• may last hours to days.
• only involves the lungs.

Answer 6

A,B,C

Question 7

Exaggerated Immune Responses are generally classified as one of four classes. Latex allergies are classified as:

• Type 1, allergic.
• Type 2, cytotoxic, or tissue mediated.
• Type 3, immune complex.
• Type 4, contact dermatitis.

Answer 7

A and D (type 1 and 4)

Question 8

Standard precautions are:

• used for infections spread in small particles in the air such as chickenpox or measles.
• used for infections spread by skin-to-skin contact or contact with other surfaces.
• used for care of all patients, regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status.
• hand washing techniques.

Answer 8

C (used for all patients)

Question 9

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus can be triggered by (select all that apply).

• sun light or UV light.
• stress.
• some chemicals and toxins.
• start of menses.

Answer 9

All correct

Question 10

SLE (Lupus) effects multiple organ systems with symptoms ranging from mild to a rapidly progressive disease.

True or False

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Nurses must screen for and provide vaccinations to develop herd immunity. The definition of herd immunity is:

• the vaccination of 50% of the general population or less.
• the vaccination of 25% of the general population or more.
• the use of a bovine toxin to create a vaccine.
• vaccination of at least 85% of the population.

Answer 11

D (at least 85%)

Question 12

Immunosenescence (Select all that apply):

• is evidenced by a high incidence of malignancies.
• is partially due to the shrinking of the thymus.
• increases the production of immunoglobulins.
• leads to a greater susceptibility to infections.

Answer 12

A,B,D

Question 13

The only vaccine that an elderly patient needs is the flu shot annually.

True or False

Answer 13

False

Question 14

The nurse giving a blood transfusion suspects the patient is having a transfusion reaction when the patient develops a fever, chills, and back pain. The nurses first action is:

• Call the physician.
• Recheck the patients blood type.
• Stop the transfusion.
• Treat the patient.

Answer 14

C (stop the transfusion)

Question 15

The patient is in neutropenic (reverse) isolation. The nurse knows that all of the following items are allowed in the room except:

• family members with masks on.
• a bottle of water from the vending machine.
• a bouquet of flowers.
• Applesauce.

Answer 15

C (bouquet of flowers)

Question 16

The nurse knows that the mask that is required for air-borne precautions: (select all that apply)

• is needed because the particles float a long distance in the air.
• are fit tested to the nurse.
• are simple surgical masks.
• are only needed if the patient is coughing.

Answer 16

A and B

Question 17

Which type of isolation precautions does the nurse initiate for a patient that has been diagnosed with VRE (Vancomycin resistant enterococci)?

• Reverse.
• Droplet.
• Contact.
• Standard.

Answer 17

Contact

Question 18

The nurse at the student health center knows that college students living in the dorms should receive which vaccination:

• MMR.
• Meningococcal.
• HPV.
• HIV.

Answer 18

B (meningococcal)

Question 19

The student nurse is giving flu shots at a community clinic. The faculty member knows the student is safe when hearing the student tell a patient:

• the shot cannot cause the flu.
• that a booster will be needed in a month.
• that the shot provides immediate protection.
• that some minor problems may occur include soreness, fever, aches and fatigue.

Answer 19

A and D

Question 20

Transfusion reactions are considered:

• Type 1: Allergic
• Type 2: Tissue Mediated
• Type 3: Immune Complex
• Type 4: Cell-mediated

Answer 20

B (tissue mediated)